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Covariation between personalities and individual differences in coping with stress: Converging evidence and hypotheses

An updated overview of covariation between individual differences in stress physiology and behavioural profiles, here called personalities, across different species and taxa is provided, consider its functional significance and present working hypotheses for how behavioural and physiological responses to stress might be causally linked.
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Differential DNA Methylation Regions in Cytokine and Transcription Factor Genomic Loci Associate with Childhood Physical Aggression

First evidence for an association between differential DNA methylation in cytokines and their regulators in T cells and monocytes and male physical aggression is provided.
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Peripheral SLC6A4 DNA Methylation Is Associated with In Vivo Measures of Human Brain Serotonin Synthesis and Childhood Physical Aggression

Findings indicate that state of SLC6A4 promoter methylation is altered in peripheral white blood cells of individuals with physical aggression during childhood, which supports the relevance of peripheral DNA methylation for brain function and suggests that peripheral SLC 6A4DNA methylation could be a marker of central 5-HT function.
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Development of violence in mice through repeated victory along with changes in prefrontal cortex neurochemistry.

It is concluded that social experience changes prefrontal cortex neurochemistry and elicits pathologically aggressive phenotypes, and serotonin levels in the prefrontal cortex were significantly lower in SAL than in LAL whereas dopamine turnover was significantly higher, compared to CTR mice.
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The Vicious Cycle Towards Violence: Focus on the Negative Feedback Mechanisms of Brain Serotonin Neurotransmission

A revised view is presented on the key role of central serotonergic (auto)regulatory mechanisms in this transition of normal aggression into violence.
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Differential role of the 5-HT1A receptor in aggressive and non-aggressive mice: an across-strain comparison.

The results strengthen the validity of the serotonin-deficiency hypothesis of aggression and suggest that chronic exaggerated activity of the 5- HT(1A) receptor may be a causative link in the neural cascade of events leading to 5-HT hypofunction in aggressive individuals.
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Genetic and environmental contributions to saliva testosterone levels in male and female infant twins

Taken together, data from the largest study of twin testosterone levels suggest that, in contrast to findings in adulthood, environmental factors determine the interindividual variability in testosterone levels in early infancy.
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Animal Violence Demystified

Low basal heart rates and hyporesponsive hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis were identified uniquely in the short attack latency (SAL) mice suggesting a qualitative difference between violence and adaptive aggression in animals.
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Maternal smoking during pregnancy and autism: using causal inference methods in a birth cohort study

In conclusion, using several analytic methods, it is found that there is not enough evidence to support a causal association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring autism or related traits.
Springer Nature (opens in a new tab)

Association between DNA methylation and ADHD symptoms from birth to school age: a prospective meta-analysis

Evidence is found that DNA methylation at birth is associated with ADHD, and future studies are needed to confirm the utility of methylation variation as biomarker and its involvement in causal pathways.
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