Protochordates

Dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS) is found throughout chordates, and its emergence predates the… Expand

Numerous studies of the mammalian immune system have begun to uncover profound interrelationships, as well as fundamental… Expand

During the past few years, substantial progress has been accomplished in the elucidation of the structural diversity of the… Expand

Urochordates and cephalochordates do not have an adaptive immune system involving the somatic rearrangement of their antigen… Expand

Innate immunity is mediated by a variety of different, non-rearranging receptors and soluble molecules that recognize and… Expand

GnRH is the key regulator of the reproductive axis in vertebrates, but little is known about GnRH before the origin of… Expand

The evolutionary origin of adaptive immune receptors is not understood below the phylogenetic level of the jawed vertebrates. We… Expand

The colonial protochordate, Botryllus schlosseri, undergoes a genetically defined, natural transplantation reaction when the… Expand

The notochord and dorsal ectoderm induce dorsoventral compartmentalization of the vertebrate neural tube through the differential… Expand

Colonial tunicates, unlike vertebrates, undergo transplantation in nature. Rejection or acceptance between colonies of Botryllus… Expand