...............................................................................................................................vii A Personal Preface. Lorann S. A. Pendleton and Elliot H. Blair ..................................................... viii Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................................. xi PART I. BEADS IN SOCIETY Chapter 1. History of Bead Studies. Lorann S.A. Pendleton and Peter Francis, Jr. .............................. 3 The Origin of Bead Studies ............................................................................................................... 3 The Names of Beads .......................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 2. Beads in the Spanish Colonial Empire. Peter Francis, Jr. ...................................................... 7 The Trade in Beads ............................................................................................................................. 7 Cargo Bound for the New World ......................................................................................................... 8 Origin of the Beads: Cargo Lists ......................................................................................................... 9 Wealth at Mission Santa Catalina de Guale ......................................................................................... 9 The Rosary ......................................................................................................................................... 10 The Dates of the Beads ........................................................................................................................ 11 PART II. THE ST. CATHERINES ISLAND BEAD ASSEMBLAGE Chapter 3. Native American Landscapes of St. Catherines Island. David Hurst Thomas .................. 15 Archaeology on St. Catherines Island ............................................................................................. 15 Precolumbian Human Landscapes of St. Catherines Island ............................................................ 17 The Guale People of St. Catherines Island ....................................................................................... 18 Guale Social Organization .......................................................................................................... 18 Maize Agriculture ....................................................................................................................... 19 Additional Foraging Resources .................................................................................................. 20 Guale Settlement Patterns .......................................................................................................... 20 Archaeology of the Guale People .............................................................................................. 20 European Colonial Strategies in America ........................................................................................ 22 The Archaeology of Mission Santa Catalina de Guale .................................................................... 23 The Churches of Mission Santa Catalina de Guale .................................................................... 24 The Friary (Convento) Complex ................................................................................................. 26 The Bioarchaeology of Mission Santa Catalina de Guale ................................................................. 32 Chapter 4. The Bead Assemblage from St. Catherines Island. Lorann S.A. Pendleton, Elliot H. Blair, and Eric Powell ........................................................................................................ 35 Drawn Glass Beads of Simple Construction .................................................................................... 36 Bugles ......................................................................................................................................... 36 A Ferrazza Finished Beads ......................................................................................................... 37 A Speo Finished Beads ................................................................................................................ 38 A Ferrazza Finished Faceted Beads (Charlottes) ........................................................................ 39 A Speo Finished Faceted Beads .................................................................................................. 39 Melon Beads ............................................................................................................................... 40 Drawn Glass Beads of Compound Construction ............................................................................. 40 Compound Segments ................................................................................................................. 40 Compound Bugles ...................................................................................................................... 40 Tubular Beads with Square Cross Sections ................................................................................ 40 A Ferrazza Finished Compound Beads ...................................................................................... 40 A Speo Finished Compound Beads ............................................................................................. 41 Drawn Glass Beads of Complex Construction ................................................................................. 41 A Ferrazza Finished Complex Beads ......................................................................................... 41