....................................................................................................................................... xx Chapter 1 : Disseratation introduction and overview ............................................................... 1 Overview of ecosystem-assessment techniques and tools ....................................................... 1 Global transferability of EATTs .............................................................................................. 2 The ecological setting of Michigan and S. Korean rivers ....................................................... 6 Research goals and questions .................................................................................................. 8 Dissertation content ................................................................................................................. 9 Literature cited ....................................................................................................................... 18 Chapter 2 : Estimation and classification of flow regimes for South Korean streams and rivers............................................................................................................................................. 23 Abstract .................................................................................................................................. 23 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 25 Materials and methods ........................................................................................................... 28 Characteristics of Korean streams and rivers ................................................................. 28 Data collection and summary ......................................................................................... 28 Multiple linear regression model development .............................................................. 30 vi Performance evaluation of four different predictive models .......................................... 31 Korean stream flow-type classification methods ........................................................... 32 Statistical analysis .......................................................................................................... 33 Results .................................................................................................................................... 35 MLR models ................................................................................................................... 35 Evaluation of model performance .................................................................................. 36 Classification of Korean stream flow types .................................................................... 38 Stream flow-type classification of nation-wide biological sampling sites in S. Korea .. 39 Discussion .............................................................................................................................. 41 Factors controlling stream flows in S. Korea ................................................................. 42 Classification of Korean stream flow types .................................................................... 43 Assumptions and limitations .......................................................................................... 44 Management implications .............................................................................................. 46 Literature cited ....................................................................................................................... 73 Chapter 3 : The predictive performance evaluation of four different analytical methods in the estimation of Korean stream flow regimes from landscape variables ............................. 80 Abstract .................................................................................................................................. 80 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 81 Materials and methods ........................................................................................................... 84 Data collection and summary ......................................................................................... 84 Modeling approach: MLR, PCR, ANN, and PC-ANN .................................................. 86 Multiple linear regressions (MLR) ................................................................................. 87 Principal component regressions (PCR) ......................................................................... 87 Artificial neural network (ANN) .................................................................................... 87 Principal component-artificial neural network (PC-ANN) ............................................ 88 Performance evaluation of four different predictive models .......................................... 88 Results .................................................................................................................................... 91 Summary statistics of response and explanatory variables ............................................ 91 Predictive models for 10% exceedance discharge (high flows) ..................................... 92 Predictive models for 50% exceedance discharge (median flows) ................................ 93