................................................................................................................................. ii Declaration ............................................................................................................................ iii Acknowledgements............................................................................................................... iv Abbreviations use in this thesis ............................................................................................. v TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................................. vi List of Tables ........................................................................................................................ viii List of Images ......................................................................................................................... x Part One – Research Background, Literature Review and Methodology ........ 1 Chapter 1 Introduction .............................................................................. 1 1.1 Background Theory and Problem Statement .................................................................. 1 1.2 Key Definitions ................................................................................................................. 6 1.3 Focal Theory and Research Questions ............................................................................. 8 1.4 Overview of the Method ................................................................................................ 10 1.5 The Case Study Gold Coast Light Rail ........................................................................... 13 1.6 The Theoretical Framework for the Thesis ............................................................... 17 1.7 Original Contribution ..................................................................................................... 18 1.8 Structure of the Thesis ................................................................................................... 18 Chapter 2 Literature Review #1 – Transitioning to TOD ............................ 20 2.1 From Transit to TOD to Development Oriented Transit Overview ............................. 20 2.2 From Integrated Transport Concepts to TOD ................................................................ 21 2.3 From TOD to Development Oriented Transit ................................................................ 24 2.4 Delivering Integrated Transport and Land Use Outcomes ............................................ 33 2.5 Literature Review Conclusions..................................................................................... 41 Chapter 3 Literature Review #2 – The Transit Planning Enablers ............... 43 3.1 Mode and System Characteristics Overview ................................................................. 43 3.2 Transit Shaping TOD Outcomes ..................................................................................... 43 3.3 MASC and Transit Corridor Permeability ....................................................................... 44 3.4 Bus Rapid Transit Characteristics ................................................................................... 45 3.5 Light Rail Transit Characteristics .................................................................................... 63 3.6 Mode and System Characteristics Conclusion ............................................................... 73 3.7 Route and Station Locations Overview .......................................................................... 74 3.8 Bus Rapid Transit Characteristics ................................................................................... 77 3.9 Light Rail Transit Characteristics .................................................................................... 78 3.10 Route and Station Locations Conclusion ..................................................................... 78 3.11 Literature Review Conclusions .................................................................................. 79 Chapter 4 The Research Method ............................................................. 81 4.1 Background to the Method ............................................................................................ 81 4.2 The Case Study Method ................................................................................................. 82 4.3 The Use of Content Analysis. ......................................................................................... 88 4.4 Management of Interview Data ..................................................................................... 92 4.5 Selection of Interviewee Candidates ............................................................................. 94 4.6 Method and Data Theory Conclusion ............................................................................ 95 MEPHAM, David PhD 2013 Bond University vii Part Two – Beyond TOD Policies to Development Oriented Transit ............ 96 Chapter 5 – Analysis of the Documentation ............................................... 96 5.