Spinal instability
National Institutes of Health
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BACKGROUND
Between 2005 and 2015 significant changes in the clinical decision making paradigm for the treatment of spinal…
PurposeIntervertebral disc degeneration is thought to contribute to low back pain. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms…
PurposeSpinal instability of the lumbar spine causes various clinical symptoms. Among them, spinal instability is thought to…
OBJECTIVE
The spinal instability neoplastic scale (SINS) is a new classification system for tumor-related spinal instability. The…