Postcranial axial skeletal system
National Institutes of Health
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Birds are one of the most successful groups of vertebrates. The origin of birds from their reptilian ancestors is traditionally…
Embryonic remains within a small (4.75 by 2.23 cm) egg from the Late Cretaceous, Mongolia are here re-described. High-resolution…
Pneumatic (air‐filled) postcranial bones are unique to birds among extant tetrapods. Unambiguous skeletal correlates of…
Among extant tetrapods, pneumatic postcranial bones are only present in birds, and they are osteological correlates of the…
Measures of diaphyseal robusticity have commonly been used to investigate differences in bone strength related to body size…
Postcranial pneumaticity has been reported in numerous extinct sauropsid groups including pterosaurs, birds, saurischian…
Anseriform birds were surveyed to examine how the degree of postcranial pneumaticity varies in a behaviorally and size‐diverse…
Abstract. Birds and crocodilians (extant archosaurs) have differing, distinctive morphologies. Birds have respiratory airsacs…
Pneumatization of the postcranial skeleton by the lungs is thought to be a hallmark of the avian skeleton, and to be an…