............................................................................................................................................................................ 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 5 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................... 6 PART 1: THE OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK............................................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 1: REFUGEE LAW AND INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION .................................................................. 10 1. THE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK OF REFUGEE LAW: FROM THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS TO UNHCR ........................ 10 2. WHO IS A REFUGEE? .................................................................................................................................................. 13 3. WHAT DOES BEING A REFUGEE MEAN? .................................................................................................................... 17 4. THE PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: ASYLUM AND TEMPORARY SOLUTIONS .................................................................. 20 CHAPTER 2: DEFINING SEXUAL AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN REFUGEES ........ 22 1. GENDER AND SEX: TWO DIFFERENT CONCEPTS ......................................................................................................... 22 2. TYPOLOGIES OF SEXUAL AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ............................................................ 23 3. UNHCR‟S GUIDELINES FOR PREVENTION OF AND RESPONSE TO SEXUAL AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN REFUGEE SETTINGS. ............................................................................................................................................................ 28 CHAPTER 3: WOMEN REFUGEES: A CATEGORY IN NEED OF SPECIAL PROTECTION ............................... 33