...........................................................................................................................................1 Resumo ............................................................................................................................................2 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................3 Objectives ........................................................................................................................................5 Materials and methods .....................................................................................................................5 Sampling of material .................................................................................................................5 Morphological analysis .............................................................................................................6 Map and illustrations ................................................................................................................7 Terminology ..............................................................................................................................8 Material examined ....................................................................................................................8 Characters and terminals ...........................................................................................................9 Phylogenetic analysis ..............................................................................................................10 Results and discussion ...................................................................................................................11 Revision of the genera Euarestoides Benjamin and Plaumannimyia Hering (Diptera: Tephritidae) ....... ............................................................................................................................11 Genus Euarestoides Benjamin, 1934 .............................................................................................11 Taxonomy ......................................................................................................................................11 Diagnosis........................................................................................................................................11 Description .....................................................................................................................................12 Distribution ....................................................................................................................................13 Biology ...........................................................................................................................................13 Key to species of Euarestoides ......................................................................................................14 Euarestoides abstersus (Loew) ................................................................................................15 Euarestoides acutangulus (Thomson) .....................................................................................20 Euarestoides dreisbachi Foote .................................................................................................34 Euarestoides n. sp. 1 ................................................................................................................37 Euarestoides n. sp. 2 ................................................................................................................39 Euarestoides n. sp. 3 ................................................................................................................42 Genus Plaumannimyia Hering, 1938 .............................................................................................44 Taxonomy ......................................................................................................................................44 Diagnosis........................................................................................................................................44 Description .....................................................................................................................................44 Distribution ....................................................................................................................................46 Biology ...........................................................................................................................................46 Key to species of Plaumannimyia ..................................................................................................47 Plaumannimyia ameghinoi (Brèthes) ......................................................................................58 Plaumannimyia coelestina (Hering) ........................................................................................61 Plaumannimyia costaemaculata Hering ..................................................................................65 Plaumannimyia delicatella (Blanchard) ..................................................................................68 Plaumannimyia difficilis (Malloch) .........................................................................................75 Plaumannimyia dolores (Hering) ............................................................................................78 Plaumannimyia eugenia (Wulp) ..............................................................................................81 Plaumannimyia flava (Adams) ................................................................................................85 Plaumannimyia imitatrix (Hering). ..........................................................................................92 Plaumannimyia miseta (Hering). .............................................................................................97 Plaumannimyia pallens Hering ..............................................................................................101 Plaumannimyia plagiata (Blanchard) ....................................................................................105 Plaumannimyia scutellata (Séguy) ........................................................................................109 Plaumannimyia setulosa (Malloch) .......................................................................................114