Each year an estimated 56.8 million people are in need of palliative care, most of whom live in low- and middle-income countries. For children, 98% of those needing palliative care live in low- and…
Radiation therapy is a cornerstone treatment for various types of tumors, including those in the nervous system. It uses high-energy rays or particles to destroy or damage cancer cells while…
When acute pain progresses to chronic, then it is not a symptom of a condition, but is in itself a condition. It lasts longer than the expected course of the disease or injury. Usual period of 3-6…
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and the most common chronic demyelinating disease affecting approximately 2.8 million people worldwide. Its…
The process of aging will find our short-term memory and ability to process new information “not what it used to be.” This is the cognitive equivalent of creaky knees, an inconvenient reminder that…
Autoimmune diseases in children may be linked to genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. It’s estimated that 5% of children worldwide have at least one autoimmune condition, with many…
Pediatric neurodegenerative disorders encompass a wide range of conditions that result from progressive damage to cells and nervous system connections that are essential for mobility, coordination,…
Epilepsy, also called seizure disorder, is the most common childhood brain disorder in the United States. The aetiology of epilepsy in children is multifactorial with congenital, metabolic,…
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as either a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of <60 ml min−1 1.73 m−2 for 3 months or more, irrespective of cause, or kidney damage leading to a decrease in…
Psychiatric illness is common, affecting up to 10% of the population, with around 1% diagnosed with a major psychiatric disorder. An increased mortality rate in the postoperative period for…