Xenomelia: a new right parietal lobe syndrome

@article{McGeoch2011XenomeliaAN,
  title={Xenomelia: a new right parietal lobe syndrome},
  author={Paul D. McGeoch and David Brang and Tao Song and Roland R. Lee and Mingxiong Huang and Vilayanur S. Ramachandran},
  journal={Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery \& Psychiatry},
  year={2011},
  volume={82},
  pages={1314 - 1319}
}
Background Damage to the right parietal lobe has long been associated with various disorders of body image. The authors have recently suggested that an unusual behavioural condition in which otherwise rational individuals desire the amputation of a healthy limb might also arise from right parietal dysfunction. Methods Four subjects who desired the amputation of healthy legs (two right, one left and one, at first, bilateral and then left only) were recruited and underwent magnetoencephalography… 
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147 Citations
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Citation Type

The desire for healthy limb amputation: structural brain correlates and clinical features of xenomelia.
TLDR
The predominantly right-sided cortical abnormalities are in line with a strong bias for left-sided limbs as the target of the amputation desire, evident both in this sample and in previously described populations with xenomelia.
When having a limb means feeling overcomplete. Xenomelia, the chronic sense of disownership and the right parietal lobe hypothesis
TLDR
The presence of both structural and functional multi-layered brain abnormalities in xenomelia suggests a multifactorial aetiology; however, as the prevalence of correlational studies, causal relationships remain to be investigated.
Parietal Lobe Reorganization and Widespread Functional Connectivity Integration in Upper-Limb Amputees: A rs-fMRI Study
TLDR
The right parietal lobe appears to be involved in some aspect of body awareness and depression in amputation patients and Seed-based, whole-brain FC analysis revealed that FC in the ULA group significantly decreased in many brain regions across the entire brain.
Brain activity elicited by viewing pictures of the own virtually amputated body predicts xenomelia
White Matter Abnormalities in Body Integrity Dysphoria
TLDR
Previous results showing alterations in areas tuned to the processing of the sensorimotor representations of the affected leg, and to higher-order components of bodily representation such as the body image showed structural alterations as well are confirmed.
White Matter Abnormalities in Body Integrity Dysphoria
TLDR
Previous results showing alterations in areas tuned to the processing of the sensorimotor representations of the affected leg, and to higher-order components of bodily representation such as the body image were confirmed and extended.
Shape alterations of basal ganglia and thalamus in xenomelia
Brain Abnormalities in Individuals with a Desire for a Healthy Limb Amputation: Somatosensory, Motoric or Both? A Task-Based fMRI Verdict
TLDR
It is concluded that BID is associated with altered integration of somatosensory and, to a lesser extent, motor signals, involving limb-specific cortical maps and brain regions where the first integration of body-related signals is achieved through convergence.
The Desire for Amputation or Paralyzation: Evidence for Structural Brain Anomalies in Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID)
TLDR
The results suggest that BIID is associated with structural brain anomalies and might result from a dysfunction in the integration of multisensory information, leading to the feeling of disunity between the mental and physical body shape.
The antero-dorsal precuneal cortex supports specific aspects of bodily awareness.
TLDR
The present findings indicate a critical role of the antero-dorsal precuneus in specific aspects of bodily awareness and in the maintenance of body schema.
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