Why Does the Yellow-Eyed Ensatina Have Yellow Eyes? Batesian Mimicry of Pacific Newts (Genus Taricha) by the Salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii xanthoptica

@inproceedings{Kuchta2008WhyDT,
  title={Why Does the Yellow-Eyed Ensatina Have Yellow Eyes? Batesian Mimicry of Pacific Newts (Genus Taricha) by the Salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii xanthoptica},
  author={Shawn R. Kuchta and Alan H. Krakauer and Barry R. Sinervo},
  booktitle={Evolution; international journal of organic evolution},
  year={2008}
}
Abstract Color patterns commonly vary geographically within species, but it is rare that such variation corresponds with divergent antipredator strategies. The polymorphic salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii, however, may represent such a case. In this species, most subspecies are cryptically colored, whereas E. e. xanthoptica, the Yellow eyed ensatina, is hypothesized to be an aposematic mimic of highly toxic Pacific newts (genus Taricha). To test the mimicry hypothesis, we conducted feeding… 
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Relaxed predation selection on rare morphs of Ensatina salamanders (Caudata: Plethodontidae) promotes a polymorphic population in a novel dune sand habitat
TLDR
It is suggested that this microgeographic island of relaxed selection on light-coloured morphs helps to explain the existence of this polymorphic population within a wind-blown sand region and support the idea that xanthistic and leucistic morphs are poorly adapted for dark substrates compared to typical morphs, but they are more or less equally adapted for light substrates.
The Influence of Mimicry on Wing Shape Evolution in the Butterfly Papilio dardanus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
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Four nonmimetic Papilio Linnaeus, 1758 species did not show significant wing shape dimorphism between sexes, supporting the idea that in P. dardanus females, the evolution of mimicry led to changes in hind wing shape beyond the loss of tails.
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The results strongly indicate that the secretions of both gland types from the dorsal as well as the ventral side form the adhesive mucus in Plethodon shermani, consisting of basic and acidic glycoproteins, glycoconjugates with mannose and α-L-fucose residues aswell as lipid components.
Chemical Defense of the Eastern Newt (Notophthalmus viridescens): Variation in Efficiency against Different Consumers and in Different Habitats
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This work found that adult eastern newts were unpalatable to predatory fishes and a crayfish, but were readily consumed by bullfrogs, and suggested that amphibians (frogs) and reptiles (turtles) that co-occur with fishes rather than from fishes directly may be more complex and indirect than previously appreciated.
Closing the ring: historical biogeography of the salamander ring species Ensatina eschscholtzii
TLDR
The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis most strongly supports the classic ring species model, modified to accommodate an improved understanding of the complex geomorphological evolution of the California Coast Ranges.
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TLDR
It is concluded that such striking levels of phylogeographic structure reflect interspersed episodes of spatial fragmentation, in part driven by the complex geomorphological evolution of the California Coast Range system.
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TLDR
The imperfect ability of visual predators to recognize potential prey as unpalatable, both in the presence and absence of the aposematic signal, may help explain how diverse forms of mimicry exploit the predator’s visual system to deter predation.
Morphological and Behavioral Evidence of Batesian Mimicry in Nestlings of a Lowland Amazonian Bird
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It is argued that the slow growth rate, combined with high nest predation, favors the evolution of antipredation mechanisms such as the unique morphological and behavioral characteristics of L. hypopyrra nestlings.
The anti-predator behaviour of wild white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar)
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It is concluded that gibbons are not immune to predation and that terrestrial predators elicit consistent immediate and delayed anti-predation responses, which include predator-specific vocal responses.
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TLDR
The present view of functions of colouration in amphibians is reviewed with the main focus on relatively unexplored topics and more studies that take advantage of recent developments in measurement of visual properties of several possible signalling receivers are encouraged.
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References

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