Using liquid crystals as a readout system in urinary albumin assays.

@article{Alio2011UsingLC,
  title={Using liquid crystals as a readout system in urinary albumin assays.},
  author={Vera Joanne Ali{\~n}o and Kun‐Lin Yang},
  journal={The Analyst},
  year={2011},
  volume={136 16},
  pages={
          3307-13
        }
}
Detecting human serum albumin (HSA) in urine samples is a standard procedure for the diagnosis of kidney problems and the prognosis of patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). In this study, we developed a HSA assay by incorporating a thin layer of liquid crystals (LCs) as a readout system such that the presence of HSA in urine samples can be detected as optical signals. In combination with dilution protocols, this assay can be used to estimate the concentration range of HSA simply by… 
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