# Universal Fluctuations of Chern Integers.

@article{Walker1995UniversalFO,
title={Universal Fluctuations of Chern Integers.},
author={Theodore Walker and M Wilkinson},
journal={Physical review letters},
year={1995},
volume={74 20},
pages={
4055-4058
}
}
Chern integers describing quantized transport change (typically by $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$) when the energy levels or bands with which they are associated become degenerate. We give a statistical treatment of these degeneracies and the consequent fluctuations of the Chern integers. The density of degeneracies is calculated exactly for a parametrization of the Gaussian unitary ensemble of matrices, and we present numerical results indicating that the gas'' of degeneracies has a… CONTINUE READING
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