Ultimate stability of active optical frequency standards

@article{Kazakov2022UltimateSO,
  title={Ultimate stability of active optical frequency standards},
  author={G A Kazakov and Swadheen Dubey and Anna Bychek and Uwe Sterr and M. Bober and M. Zawada},
  journal={Physical Review A},
  year={2022}
}
Active optical frequency standards provide interesting alternatives to their passive counterparts. Particularly, such a clock does not require any local oscillator to keep the optical phase during a dead time between interrogations, because it continuously generates high-stable narrow-line laser radiation. Here we investigate the spectral properties and the stability of active clocks, including homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening effects. We find that for short averaging times the stability… 
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