Type, Density, and Location of Immune Cells Within Human Colorectal Tumors Predict Clinical Outcome
@article{Galon2006TypeDA,
title={Type, Density, and Location of Immune Cells Within Human Colorectal Tumors Predict Clinical Outcome},
author={J{\'e}r{\^o}me Galon and Anne Costes and F{\'a}tima S{\'a}nchez-Cabo and Amos Kirilovsky and Bernhard Mlecnik and Christine Lagorce-Pagès and Marie Tosolini and Matthieu Camus and Anne Berger and Ph. Wind and Franck Zinzindohoué and Patrick Bruneval and Paul-Henri Cugnenc and Zlatko Trajanoski and Wolf Herman Fridman and Franck Pag{\`e}s},
journal={Science},
year={2006},
volume={313},
pages={1960 - 1964}
}The role of the adaptive immune response in controlling the growth and recurrence of human tumors has been controversial. We characterized the tumor-infiltrating immune cells in large cohorts of human colorectal cancers by gene expression profiling and in situ immunohistochemical staining. Collectively, the immunological data (the type, density, and location of immune cells within the tumor samples) were found to be a better predictor of patient survival than the histopathological methods…
Topics from this paper
4,988 Citations
The essential role of the in situ immune reaction in human colorectal cancer
- Biology, MedicineJournal of leukocyte biology
- 2008
It is shown that the nature, functional orientation, density, and location of immune cells within distinct tumor regions could provide a prognostic factor superior to and independent of criteria related to the anatomic extent of the tumor.
The prognostic impact of anti-cancer immune response: a novel classification of cancer patients
- Biology, MedicineSeminars in Immunopathology
- 2011
The strength of the immune reaction could advance the understanding of cancer evolution and have important consequences in clinical practice.
Immune classification of colorectal cancer patients: impressive but how complete?
- Medicine, BiologyExpert opinion on biological therapy
- 2013
By increasing the knowledge of the immune events inside the tumors and by better understanding the immune architecture of these tumors as well as the functional programs of their constituents, there will certainly be a more complete idea of how tumors evade from immunosurveillance.
The localization and density of immune cells in primary tumors of human metastatic colorectal cancer shows an association with response to chemotherapy.
- Medicine, BiologyCancer immunity
- 2009
Investigation of the correlation between infiltrates of immune cells, in either the primary tumor or the corresponding liver metastases, with the response to chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer suggested that immune infiltrates at the invasive margin of liver metastase could be predictive with respect to response to treatment.
Prognostic Immune Markers in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Biology, MedicineClinical Cancer Research
- 2011
This first comprehensive review of prognostic immune markers provides a foundation for further investigating immune responses in NSCLC.
Localization and density of immune cells in the invasive margin of human colorectal cancer liver metastases are prognostic for response to chemotherapy.
- Biology, MedicineCancer research
- 2011
Analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in primary human colorectal cancer by in situ immunohistochemical staining supports the hypothesis that the adaptive immune response influences the course of human CRC and extends the impact of the local immune response on the clinical course from the primary tumor also to metastatic lesions.
Tumor immunosurveillance in human cancers
- Biology, MedicineCancer and Metastasis Reviews
- 2011
Global analysis of tumor microenvironment showed that the nature, the functional orientation, the density, and the location of adaptive immune cells within distinct tumor regions influence the risk of relapse events and the strength of the immune reaction could advance the understanding of cancer evolution.
Characteristics and Clinical Impacts of the Immune Environments in Colorectal and Renal Cell Carcinoma Lung Metastases: Influence of Tumor Origin
- Medicine, BiologyClinical Cancer Research
- 2013
The results show a major prognostic value of the immune pattern (CD8+/DC-LAMP+ cell densities) in colorectal carcinoma and RCC, reproducible from primary to metastatic tumors, although with opposite clinical impacts, and highlight the role of the tumor cell in shaping its immune environment.
Immune-Related Prognostic Model in Colon Cancer: A Gene Expression-Based Study
- BiologyFrontiers in Genetics
- 2020
A diagnostic and prognostic model for colon cancer is developed, based on expression profiles of immune-related genes and immune cell component, that found that B cell infiltration ratio, CD4+ T cells, as well as immune- related genes of TRIB3, CHGA, CASP7, LGALS4, LEP, NOX4, IL17A, and HSPD1 may be highly relevant with clinical outcome of colon cancer.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 37 REFERENCES
Analysis of the T Cell Receptor Variability of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Colorectal Carcinomas
- Medicine, BiologyTumor Biology
- 1998
In CRC, specific T cell clones could not be demonstrated, however, a predominance of Vβ9 in 3 of 4 tumors was observed, indicating an immunological response in vivo.
CD8+ T cells infiltrated within cancer cell nests as a prognostic factor in human colorectal cancer.
- Biology, MedicineCancer research
- 1998
The data suggested that human colorectal cancer tissue was infiltrated by various numbers of T cells that had cytotoxic phenotype, contributing to a better survival of patients, and could be a novel prognostic factor.
Effector memory T cells, early metastasis, and survival in colorectal cancer.
- MedicineThe New England journal of medicine
- 2005
Signs of an immune response within colorectal cancers are associated with the absence of pathological evidence of early metastatic invasion and with prolonged survival.
Intratumoral T cells, recurrence, and survival in epithelial ovarian cancer.
- Medicine, BiologyThe New England journal of medicine
- 2003
The presence of intratumoral T cells correlates with improved clinical outcome in advanced ovarian carcinoma and was associated with increased expression of interferon-gamma, interleukin-2, and lymphocyte-attracting chemokines within the tumor.
Prognostic value of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in colorectal cancer and HLA-DR expression on tumour cells
- Biology, MedicineCancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
- 2003
There was no trend in 5-year survival between three levels (low, medium, high) of HLA-DR expression on the tumour cells, and patients with low CD4+/CD8+ ratios had a better clinical course, with significantly higher 5- year survival.
Intraepithelial CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and a high CD8+/regulatory T cell ratio are associated with favorable prognosis in ovarian cancer.
- Biology, MedicineProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- 2005
It is concluded that intraepithelial CD8+ TILs and a high CD8-/Treg ratio are associated with favorable prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer.
Reciprocal Changes in Tumor Antigenicity and Antigen-specific T Cell Function during Tumor Progression
- Biology, MedicineThe Journal of experimental medicine
- 2004
It is established that the processes of immunosurveillance and tumor editing coexist with a process in which the functional tumor-specific T cell repertoire is also “edited,” reconciling two hypotheses historically central to the authors' attempts to understand host antitumor immunity.
Inflammation and cancer
- BiologyNature
- 2002
It is now becoming clear that the tumour microenvironment, which is largely orchestrated by inflammatory cells, is an indispensable participant in the neoplastic process, fostering proliferation, survival and migration.
T cell memory against colon carcinoma is long-lived in the absence of antigen.
- Biology, MedicineJournal of immunology
- 1999
The data suggest that T cell memory against colon carcinoma can be maintained in the absence of Ag, and that targeting IL-2 to the tumor microenvironment with a recombinant Ab-IL-2 fusion protein resulted in the complete rejection of the tumor cell challenge and prevention of pulmonary metastases.
NF-κB functions as a tumour promoter in inflammation-associated cancer
- Biology, MedicineNature
- 2004
It is shown that the inflammatory process triggers hepatocyte NF-κB through upregulation of tumour-necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in adjacent endothelial and inflammatory cells, and is therefore a potential target for cancer prevention in chronic inflammatory diseases.