Trick or treat from food endocannabinoids?

@article{Marzo1998TrickOT,
  title={Trick or treat from food endocannabinoids?},
  author={Vincenzo Di Marzo and Nunzio Sepe and Luciano Petrocellis and Alvin Berger and Gayle Crozier and Ester Fride and Raphael Mechoulam},
  journal={Nature},
  year={1998},
  volume={396},
  pages={636-636}
}
The discovery of the endogenous cannabinoid N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) and other N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) in chocolate has led to speculation that the purported rewarding properties of cocoa are due to the presence of compounds “that could act as cannabinoid mimics”. This observation raises some important questions. First, are NAEs and anandamide, or the ‘endocannabinoid’ 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), present in widely consumed foods (such as milk) that are less ‘rewarding’ than… 
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The main features of the ECS are summarized in order to put in better focus current knowledge of the nutritional relevance of endocannabinoid signaling and of its role in obesity, cardiovascular pathologies, and gastrointestinal diseases.
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Examples of how diseases may be treated by substances capable of selectively manipulating endocannabinoid levels and action are presented, using animal models of neuropathological conditions, to indicate that new therapeutic agents, lacking the undesirable psychotropic side effects of Cannabis, may be developed from current studies on the endOCannabinoid system.
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The multifaceted regulation of energy homeostasis by endocannabinoids is discussed, together with its applications to the treatment of eating disorders and metabolic syndromes.
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Most other substances are unlikely to exude a psychopharmacological effect owing to extremely low concentrations or the inability to reach the blood-brain barrier, whilst chocolate craving and addiction need to be explained by means of a culturally determined ambivalence towards chocolate.
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The role of the endocannabinoid system in appetite stimulation in the adult organism, and perhaps more importantly, its critical involvement in milk ingestion and survival of the newborn, may not only further the understanding of the physiology of food intake and growth, but may also find therapeutic applications in wasting disease and infant's "failure to thrive".
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Evidence is emerging that some nonpsychotropic plant cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol, can be employed to retard β-cell damage in type 1 diabetes and the possibility that CB(1) antagonists might be used for the treatment of these metabolic disorders.
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