• Corpus ID: 39183839

Treatment of Secondary Sludge for Energy Recovery

@inproceedings{Xu2012TreatmentOS,
  title={Treatment of Secondary Sludge for Energy Recovery},
  author={Charles Chunbao Xu and Jody Lancaster},
  year={2012}
}

• C. Xu, J. Lancaster
• Published 2012
• Engineering

Primary and secondary sludges are produced as a result of primary and secondary wastewater treatment in municipal wastewater plant or pulp and paper mills. Sludge disposal has become a worldwide problem for many reasons including rapidly shrinking landfill space, increased environmental awareness, more stringent environmental standards governing the disposal of sludge, and dewatering challenges. Unlike the primary sludge, the secondary sludge as byproduct of the biological treatment is far more difficult to dewater and to be disposed. Secondary sludge waste management issues are a continuing challenge. This together with record high oil prices have contributed to a need to examine methods of converting secondary sludge waste into energy. In this chapter, we have overviewed a variety of secondary sludge post treatment methods for energy recovery, including incineration, gasification, pyrolysis, direct liquefaction, supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and anaerobic digestion. A critical comparison between these methods is presented with respect to their net energy efficiencies. The advantages and drawbacks of each treatment option are also highlighted in this chapter. CONTENTS