Transduction mechanisms in vertebrate olfactory receptor cells.

@article{Schild1998TransductionMI,
  title={Transduction mechanisms in vertebrate olfactory receptor cells.},
  author={Detlev Schild and Diego Restrepo},
  journal={Physiological reviews},
  year={1998},
  volume={78 2},
  pages={
          429-66
        }
}
Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of transduction mechanisms in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) over the last decade. Odorants pass through a mucus interface before binding to odorant receptors (ORs). The molecular structure of many ORs is now known. They belong to the large class of G protein-coupled receptors with seven transmembrane domains. Binding of an odorant to an OR triggers the activation of second messenger cascades. One second messenger pathway in particular… 
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Dual signal transduction mediated by a single type of olfactory receptor expressed in a heterologous system
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It is found that the rat olfactory receptor I7, stably expressed in HEK-293 cells, triggers the cAMP pathway upon stimulation by a specific odorant (octanal) at concentrations lower than 10-4 M; however, the receptor triggers both pathways at higher concentrations.
Ca-activated Cl current predominates in threshold response of mouse olfactory receptor neurons
TLDR
It is found that the Cl current clearly also predominated in the mouse olfactory response at signaling threshold, accounting for ∼80% of the response, and in the absence of the ClCurrent, the threshold stimulus is expected to increase by approximately sevenfold.
The calcium-activated chloride conductance in olfactory receptor neurons
Unitary response of mouse olfactory receptor neurons
TLDR
The unitary olfactory response having a fairly constant amplitude and similar kinetics across different odorants and randomly encountered ORNs was found, and it was estimated that ≤19 odorant-binding events successfully triggering transduction in a WT mouse ORN will lead to signaling to the brain.
Spike encoding of olfactory receptor cells
Presence of Ca2+-dependent K+ channels in chemosensory cilia support a role in odor transduction.
TLDR
The presence of K+ channels in the ORN cilia is demonstrated and supports their participation in odor transduction.
Identification of Second Messenger Mediating Signal Transduction in the Olfactory Receptor Cell
TLDR
The activity of transduction channels in the olfactory cilia was recorded in cells that retained their abilities of responding to odorants that have been reported to produce InsP3 (instead of producing cAMP, and therefore tentatively termed “InsP3 odorants”).
Cyclic-nucleotide–gated cation current and Ca2+-activated Cl current elicited by odorant in vertebrate olfactory receptor neurons
Significance The electrical response of vertebrate olfactory receptor neurons to odorants consists of two components: an inward cyclic-nucleotide–gated, nonselective cation current and an inward…
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References

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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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