Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the posterior cerebellum during smooth pursuit eye movements in man.

@article{Ohtsuka1998TranscranialMS,
  title={Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the posterior cerebellum during smooth pursuit eye movements in man.},
  author={Kenji Ohtsuka and Toshio Enoki},
  journal={Brain : a journal of neurology},
  year={1998},
  volume={121 ( Pt 3)},
  pages={
          429-35
        }
}
Recent neurophysiological experiments in the monkey have demonstrated that the flocculus and the posterior vermis, lobules VIc-VII (oculomotor vermis), are involved in the generation of pursuit eye movements. Whereas the functions of the flocculus in the control of smooth pursuit have been intensively investigated, sufficient data are not available for a profitable discussion of the functions of the oculomotor vermis in the control of smooth pursuit. We previously indicated that the posterior… 
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Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the cerebellum and eye movements: state of the art.
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Repetitive TMS (rTMS) appears to be especially interesting since its effects outlast the stimulation period and its behavioural consequences can be measured without interfering with the execution of eye movements or with the experimental procedures.
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Results suggest that the gain of the transformation of predictive signals into motor commands is also controlled by the FPA, and suggests that its role in sinusoidal pursuit is primarily at the target direction reversal.
Disruption of Saccadic Adaptation with Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Posterior Cerebellum in Humans
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The effect of transiently disrupting the function of posterior cerebellum with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with further evidence that TMS can modulate cerebellar function is studied.
After Effects of Cerebellar Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation on Reflexive Saccades and Smooth Pursuit in Humans
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The effects of 40 s cTBS in the authors' experiments mimic the disorder of ocular motility in Wallenberg’s syndrome and could result from functional impairment of cerebellopontine pathways, and can provide a useful framework for adaptive ocular motor studies.
Effects of lesions of the oculomotor cerebellar vermis on eye movements in primate: smooth pursuit.
TLDR
The hypothesis that saccades and the open-loop period of pursuit are controlled by the cerebellar vermis in an analogous way is supported and the oculomotor vermis plays a critical role both in the immediate on-line and in the short-term adaptive control of pursuit.
The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation over the cerebellum on the synkinesis of coordinated eye and head movements
Pursuit disorder and saccade dysmetria after caudal fastigial inactivation in the monkey.
TLDR
The caudal fastigial nuclei (cFN) are the output nuclei by which the medio-posterior cerebellum influences the production of saccadic and pursuit eye movements and it is suggested that the cFN is one locus where the synergy between the two motor categories develops in the context of tracking a moving visual target.
Neurology of saccades and smooth pursuit.
During the period covered by this review a number of papers have been published on saccade and smooth pursuit research, conducted experimentally in monkeys and clinically in humans. In monkeys, using…
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It is concluded that transient functional cerebellar deficits exerted by means of TMS can change the central synkinesis of eye-head coordination, including the preprogramming of the saccadic pulse and step of a coordinated gaze movement.
The role of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the study of cerebellar cognitive function
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Repetitive TMS, delivering trains of stimuli at different frequencies, allows interfering with the function of cerebellar circuits during the execution of cognitive tasks, and complements neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies in the study of the Cerebellar involvement in a number of cognitive operations.
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