Toxicology rethinks its central belief

@article{Calabrese2003ToxicologyRI,
  title={Toxicology rethinks its central belief},
  author={E. Calabrese and L. Baldwin},
  journal={Nature},
  year={2003},
  volume={421},
  pages={691-692}
}
Hormesis demands a reappraisal of the way risks are assessed. 
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Hormesis: improving predictions in the low-dose zone.
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References

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It may be a reasonable strategy to resolve the major remaining problems with hormesis within the risk expert community before demanding wide-reaching changes in regulatory practices or policies. Expand
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The early history of hormesis-related experimental research is reconstructed and a foundation is provided for the assessment of how the concept of hormetic dose-response relationships may have affected the nature of the bioassay especially with respect to hazard assessment practices within a modern risk assessment Eramework. Expand
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It has been argued that the addition of a substance to a process that is already producing an adverse health effect will result in an increase in the incidence of the adverse effect no matter how small the dose, but this assumes a monotonic dose response curve. Expand
The hormetic dose-response model is more common than the threshold model in toxicology.
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These findings challenge the long-standing belief in the primacy of the threshold model in toxicology (and other areas of biology involving dose-response relationships) and provide strong support for the hormetic-like biphasic dose- response model characterized by a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition. Expand
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