The use and productivity of labour in shifting cultivation: An East Malaysian case study

@inproceedings{Cramb1988TheUA,
  title={The use and productivity of labour in shifting cultivation: An East Malaysian case study},
  author={Rob Cramb},
  year={1988}
}
This paper examines the pattern of labour use and the level and range of labour productivity in a shifting cultivation system in East Malaysia in order to explain the persistence of this cropping system in a semi-commercialized agriculture. It is concluded that the real returns to labour in shifting cultivation probably exceed its real opportunity cost and that, although a trend to smaller farms will continue, shifting cultivation will persist for some decades. 
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