The structural and functional diversity of dystrophin

@article{Ahn1993TheSA,
  title={The structural and functional diversity of dystrophin},
  author={Andrew H. Ahn and Louis M. Kunkel},
  journal={Nature Genetics},
  year={1993},
  volume={3},
  pages={283-291}
}
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are caused by defects of the dystrophin gene. Expression of this large X-linked gene is under elaborate transcriptional and splicing control. At least five independent promoters specify the transcription of their respective alternative first exons in a cell-specific and developmentally controlled manner. Three promoters express full-length dystrophin, while two promoters near the C terminus express the last domains in a mutually exclusive manner. Six… 
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The emerging family of dystrophin-related proteins.

The role of utrophin in the potential therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

The dystrophin gene is alternatively spliced throughout its coding sequence

Prevention of dystrophic pathology in mdx mice by a truncated dystrophin isoform.

Results indicate that viral delivery of dystrophin to a simple majority of fibers in a muscle group would greatly reduce the dystrophic pathology associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Altered mRNA splicing of dystrophin in type 1 myotonic dystrophy

It is suggested that the aberrantly spliced dystrophin is responsible for the muscle wasting in DM1.

Redirecting splicing to address dystrophin mutations: molecular by-pass surgery.

From interesting in vitro experiments several years ago, the dystrophin exon-skipping field has progressed to the stage of planning for clinical trials, which may be regarded as a form of by-pass surgery at the molecular level.

Antisense-induced exon skipping and synthesis of dystrophin in the mdx mouse.

This approach should reduce the severity of DMD by allowing a dystrophic gene transcript to be modified, such that it can be translated into a Becker-dystrophin-like protein.

Dystrophin and utrophin: Genetic analyses of their role in skeletal muscle

These animal models have led to a delineation of protein functions and localization patterns that will be useful for the generation of potential therapies for DMD, and are presented in the context of other known interactions at the muscle membrane.

Molecular Genetics of Dystrophinopathies

The commonest mutational event in the dystrophin gene is represented by intragenic deletions accounting for 65% of dyStrophin mutations, and frame-shift mutations are related to the absence of protein production and a DMD phenotype.

Two dystrophin proteins and transcripts in a mild dystrophinopathic patient

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References

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