The socioecology of fission-fusion sociality in Orangutans

@article{Schaik2007TheSO,
  title={The socioecology of fission-fusion sociality in Orangutans},
  author={Carel P. van Schaik},
  journal={Primates},
  year={2007},
  volume={40},
  pages={69-86}
}
Fission-fusion systems can have the group or the individual as their primary unit. In group-based fission-fusion systems, predation risk reduction is the major benefit to grouping, in the individual-based ones the benefits are likely to be primarily social. Orangutans, like chimpanzees, are examples of an individual-based fission-fusion species. The orangutans inhabiting a Sumatran swamp forest (Suaq Balimbing) are more likely than elsewhere to form travel parties. As elsewhere, the main… 
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