The role of aspirin in cancer prevention

@article{Thun2012TheRO,
  title={The role of aspirin in cancer prevention},
  author={Michael J. Thun and Eric J. Jacobs and Carlo Patrono},
  journal={Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology},
  year={2012},
  volume={9},
  pages={259-267}
}
Clinical guidelines for prophylactic aspirin use currently only consider the cardiovascular benefits of aspirin, weighed against the potential harm from aspirin-induced bleeding. Daily aspirin use has been convincingly shown to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer and recurrence of adenomatous polyps, but in average-risk populations, these benefits alone do not outweigh harms from aspirin-induced bleeding. Recently published secondary analyses of cardiovascular trials provide the first… 
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440 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
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Background Citations
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440 Citations

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A substantial body of evidence from observational studies and randomized trials indicates that regular aspirin use reduces the risk of incident and fatal colorectal cancer and the identification of biomarkers of aspirin benefits and harms constitutes a key research priority.
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Three new pieces of evidence: a series of meta-analyses focusing on cancer outcomes from randomised-controlled trials designed to assess the vascular benefits of daily aspirin; the first positive results from a randomised controlled trial designed to demonstrate that aspirin can prevent cancer in those with a hereditary predisposition; and observational data showing that aspirin use after a cancer diagnosis improves both cancer mortality and overall survival; have led to a re-evaluation of aspirin as a potential anti-cancer agent.
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Clinical efforts at the individual level to promote the use of aspirin in global (or total) primary prevention could be already based on a balanced evaluation of the benefit/risk ratio.
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Aspirin and Colorectal Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Is It for Everyone?
TLDR
Emerging data suggest that tumour PIK3CA mutation status, expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 and human leukocyte antigen class I, along with certain germline polymorphisms, might all help to identify individuals who stand to gain most from aspirin use.
Aspirin, cyclooxygenase inhibition and colorectal cancer.
TLDR
Evidence supports the effectiveness of aspirin, as well as other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, for chemoprevention of several types of cancer, including CRC, including the prevention of adenoma recurrence and reduction of CRC incidence and mortality.
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Current clinical evidence and continuing controversies on the potential chemoprotective properties of antiplatelet agents against cancer are summarized.
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References

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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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