The proof and measurement of association between two things.
@article{Spearman2010ThePA, title={The proof and measurement of association between two things.}, author={C. Spearman}, journal={International journal of epidemiology}, year={2010}, volume={39 5}, pages={ 1137-50 } }
All knowledge—beyond that of bare isolated occurrence—deals with uniformities. Of the latter, some few have a claim to be considered absolute, such as mathematical implications and mechanical laws. But the vast majority are only partial; medicine does not teach that smallpox is inevitably escaped by vaccination, but that it is so generally; biology has not shown that all animals require organic food, but that nearly all do so; in daily life, a dark sky is no proof that it will rain, but merely…
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