The history and meaning of the journal impact factor.

@article{Garfield2006TheHA,
  title={The history and meaning of the journal impact factor.},
  author={Eugene Garfield},
  journal={JAMA},
  year={2006},
  volume={295 1},
  pages={
          90-3
        }
}
IFIRST MENTIONED THE IDEA OF AN IMPACT FACTOR IN Science in 1955. With support from the National Institutes of Health, the experimental Genetics Citation Index was published, and that led to the 1961 publication of the Science Citation Index. Irving H. Sher and I created the journal impact factor to help select additional source journals. To do this we simply re-sorted the author citation index into the journal citation index. From this simple exercise, we learned that initially a core group of… Expand
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    References

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    TLDR
    High-impact medical journals are identified using data from the 1981 and 1982 Journal Citation Reports, an annual supplement to the Science Citation Index that ranks journals by the number of citations received. Expand
    How well does journal 'impact' work in the assessment of papers on clinical physiology and nuclear medicine?
    TLDR
    Although a phase of no citation was identified, which gave a lower citation factor than the journal impact factors, the citation frequency increased over time, and altogether there seems to be a good agreement between journal impact factor and overall citation frequency of papers on clinical physiology and nuclear medicine. Expand
    Algorithmic procedure for finding semantically related journals
    TLDR
    A new procedure using citations, papers and references as parameters a relatedness factor (RF) is computed for a series of journals and appears to select a set of journals that are semantically most similar to the target journal. Expand
    Bibliographic and Web citations: What is the difference?
    TLDR
    This work compared bibliographic and Web citations to articles in 46 journals in library and information science to find that Web citations correlated significantly with both bibliographs listed in the Social Sciences Citation Index and the ISI's Journal Impact Factor. Expand
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    TLDR
    A rank normalized impact factor (rnlF) is proposed which involves use of order statistics for the complete set of journals within each JCR category and it is believed the normalization procedure provides reliable and easily interpretable values. Expand
    Is the ratio between number of citations and publications cited a true constant
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    The results are dramatic, showing a clear correlation between the number of times an article is cited and the probability that the article is online, in computer science. Expand
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