# The formation of massive black holes in z ∼ 30 dark matter haloes with large baryonic streaming velocities

@article{Tanaka2014TheFO,
title={The formation of massive black holes in z ∼ 30 dark matter haloes with large baryonic streaming velocities},
author={Takamitsu L. Tanaka and Miao Li},
journal={Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
year={2014},
volume={439},
pages={1092-1100}
}
• Published 2 October 2013
• Physics
• Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
The origins of the � 10 9 M J quasar supermassive black holes (BHs) at redshifts z > 6 remain a theoretical puzzle. One possibility is that they grew from � 10 5 M J BHs formed in the ‘direct collapse’ of pristine, atomic-cooling (temperatures & 8000K; PAC) gas that did not fragment to form ordinary stars due to a lack of molecular hydrogen and metals. We propose that baryonic streaming—the relic relative motion of gas with respect to dark matter from cosmological recombination—provides a…

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