The effect of probiotics on respiratory infections and gastrointestinal symptoms during training in marathon runners.

@article{Kekkonen2007TheEO,
  title={The effect of probiotics on respiratory infections and gastrointestinal symptoms during training in marathon runners.},
  author={Riina A. Kekkonen and Tommi Vasankari and Timo Vuorimaa and Tari Haahtela and Ilkka Julkunen and Riitta Korpela},
  journal={International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism},
  year={2007},
  volume={17 4},
  pages={
          352-63
        }
}
Heavy exercise is associated with an increased risk of upper respiratory tract infections. Strenuous exercise also causes gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. In previous studies probiotics have reduced respiratory tract infections and GI symptoms in general populations including children, adults, and the elderly. These questions have not been studied in athletes before. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotics on the number of healthy days, respiratory infections, and… 
View on PubMed
humankinetics.com
138 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
8
Background Citations
44
Methods Citations
5
Results Citations
7

138 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Daily probiotic's (Lactobacillus casei Shirota) reduction of infection incidence in athletes.
TLDR
Regular ingestion of LcS appears to be beneficial in reducing the frequency of URTI in an athletic cohort, which may be related to better maintenance of saliva IgA levels during a winter period of training and competition.
Lactobacillus fermentum (PCC®) supplementation and gastrointestinal and respiratory-tract illness symptoms: a randomised control trial in athletes
TLDR
There were clear reductions in the magnitude of acute exercise-induced changes in some cytokines and uncertainty in the effects of supplementation on URTI and on symptoms in females needs to be resolved.
Effect of Probiotics Supplementations on Health Status of Athletes
TLDR
Probiotic supplementation improved the intestinal permeability, immune system, intestinal microbiota, inflammatory system, reduced the severity and incidence of respiratory tract infections, and duration of gastrointestinal symptoms and the literature survey summarized the effect of probiotic supplementation on health status of athletes.
Four weeks of probiotic supplementation reduces GI symptoms during a marathon race
TLDR
Probiotics supplementation was associated with a lower incidence and severity of GI symptoms in marathon runners, although the exact mechanisms are yet to be elucidated.
Gastrointestinal Function, Damage and Symptoms During Exercise and the Potential Therapeutic Role of Probiotic Supplementation
TLDR
Investigating the relationship between markers of GI permeability and damage, measured in the blood, and GI symptoms during endurance exercise, up to marathon distance running implies that a moderate prevalence of GI symptoms exists in recreational runners, with 27-58% of marathon participants having reported mild to severeGI symptoms during the race.
Oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-003 and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes
TLDR
Prophylactic administration of PCC was associated with a substantial reduction in the number of days and severity of respiratory illness in a cohort of highly trained distance runners and maintenance of IFNγ levels may be one mechanism underpinning the positive clinical outcomes.
Probiotics and sports: A new magic bullet?
Effects of Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 and α-lactalbumin on university-student athletes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
  • T. Sashihara, M. Nagata, +5 authors H. Itoh
  • Medicine
    Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme
  • 2013
TLDR
LG2809 ingestion was effective in preventing reduced natural killer cell activity due to strenuous exercise and elevating mood from a depressed state and LG2809 + αLA was found to alleviate minor resting fatigue, which was supported objectively by the significant reduction in the serum reactive oxygen metabolites and transforming growth factor β1 levels.
Probiotic strains as the element of nutritional profile in physical activity – new trend or better sports results?
TLDR
Probiotic strains properly applied properly applied may have a positive influence on the athletes’ bodies, but still randomized controlled trials are required to prove this thesis.
Probiotics and Immune Response to Exercise
TLDR
A small number of studies examining probiotic supplementation in highly active individuals indicate modest clinical benefits in terms of reduced frequency, severity, and/or duration of respiratory and gastrointestinal illness.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 48 REFERENCES
Increasing work-place healthiness with the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri: A randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled study
TLDR
This study examined the effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri protectis on its ability to improve work-place healthiness by reducing short term sick-leave caused by respiratory or gastrointestinal infections.
Probiotic bacteria reduced duration and severity but not the incidence of common cold episodes in a double blind, randomized, controlled trial.
Ultramarathon running and upper respiratory tract infections. An epidemiological survey.
TLDR
A relationship between acute stress and susceptibility to upper respiratory tract (URT) infections after a race is suggested and impairment of one or more local mucosal or general host defences may account for this effect.
Effect of fermented milk containing the probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN-114001 on winter infections in free-living elderly subjects: a randomised, controlled pilot study.
Probiotics are being increasingly studied for their ability to enhance host resistance to, and recovery from, infection. The probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei DN-114001 has previously been shown…
Effect of moderate exercise on salivary immunoglobulin A and infection risk in humans
TLDR
Quantitative support is provided for the belief that regular, moderate exercise results in an increased [IgAs] at rest and [Albs] after training, which may contribute to a decreased risk of infection.
Effect of long term consumption of probiotic milk on infections in children attending day care centres: double blind, randomised trial
Abstract Objective: To examine whether long term consumption of a probiotic milk could reduce gastrointestinal and respiratory infections in children in day care centres. Design: Randomised, double…
Effect of a dietary supplement containing probiotic bacteria plus vitamins and minerals on common cold infections and cellular immune parameters.
TLDR
Data indicate that the intake of a dietary supplement containing probiotic bacteria plus vitamins and minerals during a period of at least three months in winter/spring may reduce the incidence and the severity of symptoms in common cold infections in otherwise healthy adults.
Exercise, immunology and upper respiratory tract infections.
  • E. M. Peters
  • Medicine
    International journal of sports medicine
  • 1997
TLDR
Enhancing intrinsic antioxidant defense by increasing exogenous antioxidant intake is theorized to be of long-term benefit to serious endurance athletes engaged in heavy training and competition.
Gastrointestinal disturbances in marathon runners.
TLDR
GI disturbances are common amongst long-distance runners and their aetiology is unknown, but there was no consensus among sufferers as to the causes of symptoms and a wide variety of "remedies" were suggested.
Exercise, upper respiratory tract infection, and the immune system.
  • D. Nieman
  • Medicine
    Medicine and science in sports and exercise
  • 1994
TLDR
Clinical data support the concept that heavy exertion increases the athlete's risk of URTI because of negative changes in immune function and elevation of the stress hormones, epinephrine, and cortisol, but there is growing evidence that moderate amounts of exercise may decrease one's risk on the other hand.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...