The central role of glutathione in the pathophysiology of human diseases

@article{Franco2007TheCR,
  title={The central role of glutathione in the pathophysiology of human diseases},
  author={Rodrigo Franco and Onard J.L.M. Schoneveld and Aglaia Pappa and Mihalis I. Panayiotidis},
  journal={Archives Of Physiology And Biochemistry},
  year={2007},
  volume={113},
  pages={234 - 258}
}
Abstract Reduced glutathione (L-γ-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH) is the prevalent low-molecular-weight thiol in mammalian cells. It is formed in a two-step enzymatic process including, first, the formation of γ-glutamylcysteine from glutamate and cysteine, by the activity of the γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase; and second, the formation of GSH by the activity of GSH sythetase which uses γ-glutamylcysteine and glycine as substrates. While its synthesis and metabolism occur intracellularly, its… Expand
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The present report highlights and integrates the growing connections between imbalances in GSH homeostasis and a multitude of human diseases and suggests the high GSH content makes cancer cells chemoresistant, which is a major factor that limits drug treatment. Expand
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It is speculated that GGC may serve as a novel intra- and intercellular therapeutic dipeptide for oxidative stress-related injuries and diseases. Expand
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This review will enrich the information on the importance of GSH synthesis, metabolism, functions, compartmentation and inter-organ transport, structural conformations and its quantitation via different techniques in the brain through different techniques. Expand
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Different strategies for increasing GSH levels by supplying reversible bioconjugates able to cross the cellular membrane more easily than GSH and to provide a source of thiols for GSH synthesis are discussed. Expand
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The current knowledge on the GSH metabolism of astrocytes is reviewed with a special emphasis on GSH-dependent detoxification processes. Expand
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