The cannabis withdrawal syndrome

@article{Budney2006TheCW,
  title={The cannabis withdrawal syndrome},
  author={Alan J. Budney and John R Hughes},
  journal={Current Opinion in Psychiatry},
  year={2006},
  volume={19},
  pages={233–238}
}
Purpose of review The demand for treatment for cannabis dependence has grown dramatically. The majority of the people who enter the treatment have difficulty in achieving and maintaining abstinence from cannabis. Understanding the impact of cannabis withdrawal syndrome on quit attempts is of obvious importance. Cannabis, however, has long been considered a ‘soft’ drug, and many continue to question whether one can truly become dependent on cannabis. Skepticism is typically focused on whether… Expand
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298 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
15
Background Citations
116
Methods Citations
4
Results Citations
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298 Citations

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Citation Type

Pharmacological treatment of cannabis dependence.
TLDR
Results from controlled human laboratory studies and small open-label clinical trials suggest that dronabinol, the COMT inhibitor entacapone, and lithium may warrant further study and controlled clinical trials are needed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of these medications. Expand
The cannabis withdrawal syndrome: current insights
TLDR
The cannabis withdrawal syndrome (CWS) is a criterion of cannabis use disorders (CUDs) (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fifth Edition) and cannabis dependence (ICD]-10 and the up-to-date ICD-11 Beta Draft is recommended to be expanded by physical CWS symptoms, the specification of CWS intensity and duration as well as gender effects. Expand
A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Cannabinoid Agonist Replacement Therapy for Cannabis Withdrawal Symptoms
TLDR
The findings demonstrate that the use of dronabinol, nabilone, or nabiximols, either alone or in combination with other drugs, shows promise in reducing cannabis withdrawal symptoms, probably with a dose-dependent effect. Expand
Potential Pharmacotherapies for Cannabis Dependence
TLDR
This chapter reviews data from recent research on cannabinoids that may be relevant for the development of pharmacotherapies for cannabis dependence and assesses the effects of potential cannabis treatment medications on cannabinoid-related physiological, subjective, and reinforcing effects. Expand
Treatment of Cannabis Withdrawal Syndrome Using Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Relapse Prevention for Cannabis Dependence
Cannabis is the most frequently used illegal substance in the United States and Europe. There is a dramatic increase in the demand for treatment for cannabis dependence. The majority of… Expand
State of the art treatments for cannabis dependence.
TLDR
There is a need for a continuing care model with long-term follow-up that extends past the periods typically evaluated in treatment studies and for further investigation of genetic underpinnings and endophenotypes underlying cannabis dependence to identify neurobiological mechanisms for targeted intervention. Expand
Progress toward pharmacotherapies for cannabis-use disorder: an evidence-based review
TLDR
Evidence has shown a decrease in the age of commencement of cannabis use in some developed countries and a prolongation of risk of initiation to cannabis use beyond adolescence among more recent users. Expand
Lithium carbonate in the management of cannabis withdrawal in humans: an open-label study
TLDR
Evidence is provided for the potential clinical utility and safety of lithium in the management of cannabis withdrawal in treatment seeking adult humans and a randomised, placebo-controlled trial is recommended. Expand
An update on cannabis use disorder with comment on the impact of policy related to therapeutic and recreational cannabis use
TLDR
Current scientific data and clinical observation strongly support the contention that cannabis use, like the use of other substances such as alcohol, opioids, stimulants, and tobacco, can develop into a use disorder (addiction) with important clinical consequences. Expand
Cannabis Withdrawal: a Review of Neurobiological Mechanisms and Sex Differences
TLDR
Pre-clinical and clinical research on the etiology and biological substrates of the cannabis withdrawal syndrome are provided, and females have been shown to have increased rate and severity of a subset of cannabis withdrawal symptoms compared with men. Expand
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TLDR
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