The biological standard of living in Europe during the last two millennia
@inproceedings{Kpke2003TheBS, title={The biological standard of living in Europe during the last two millennia}, author={Nikola K{\"o}pke and Jorg Baten}, year={2003} }
This paper offers the first anthropometric estimates on the biological standard of living in central Europe in the first millennium, and expands the literature on the second millenium. The overall picture is one of stagnant heights. There was not much progress in European nutritional status, not even between 1000 and 1800, when recent GDP per capita estimates arrive at growing figures. We find that heights stagnated during the Roman imperial period in Central, Western and Southern Europe. One…
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