• Corpus ID: 147209006

The Widening Income Achievement Gap.

@article{Reardon2013TheWI,
  title={The Widening Income Achievement Gap.},
  author={Sean F. Reardon},
  journal={Educational Leadership},
  year={2013},
  volume={70},
  pages={10-16}
}
  • Sean F. Reardon
  • Published 1 May 2013
  • Psychology, Education
  • Educational Leadership
Historically, low-income students as a group have performed less well than high-income students on most measures of academic success—including standardized test scores, grades, high school completion rates, and college enrollment and completion rates. Countless studies have documented these disparities and investigated the many underlying reasons for them. But no research had systematically investigated whether these incomerelated achievement gaps have narrowed or widened over time. 
gc.cuny.edu
366 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
52
Background Citations
221
Methods Citations
6
Results Citations
16

Figures from this paper

366 Citations

Beyond the Income-Achievement Gap: An Examination of the Conditions that Promote High-Achievement of Low Socioeconomic Status Students in College

The benefits of a college degree are greater than ever, yet low-socioeconomic status (SES) students continue to have lower college enrollment and completion rates than their more affluent…

High-achieving, low-income students’ perspectives of how schools can promote the academic achievement of students living in poverty

Children and adolescents from low-income families now comprise a majority of public school students nationally. As the number of students from low-income backgrounds increases, so does the…

Examining Factors Affecting Reading and Math Growth and Achievement Gaps in Grades 1-5: A Cohort-Sequential Longitudinal Approach.

Students with low initial proficiency grew more quickly than students with higher proficiency, however, after two school years their achievement remained below average and well below that ofStudents with higher initial proficiency.

Examining motivation profiles within and across socioeconomic levels on educational outcomes

Do Student Mindsets Differ by Socioeconomic Status and Explain Disparities in Academic Achievement in the United States?

Altogether, mindsets appear to be associated with socioeconomic circumstances and academic achievement; however, the vast majority of the existing socioeconomic achievement gap in the U.S. is likely driven by the root causes of inequality.

Differences by Economic Status in Grade 3 Reading Performance: A Texas Multiyear Study

In this investigation, differences in the reading performance as a function of degree of economic disadvantage for Texas Grade 3 students were examined. Data were obtained from the Texas Education…

Capitalizing on the One Percent: Income Inequality and Private Educational Finances

In response to increasing income inequality, many private educational institutions have adapted new approaches to financial aid, tuition, and campus investment. Implications of this changing strategy…

The Adverse Effects of Economic Inequality on Educational Outcomes: An Examination of PISA Scores, 2000–2015

One of the most important economic trends of the past 30 years has been the escalating levels of within-country income inequality. Much of the developed world is currently experiencing large…

New Evidence on Trajectories in a Low-Income Setting

Using a unique longitudinal dataset collected from primary school students in Pakistan, we document four new facts about learning in low-income countries. First, children’s test scores increase by…

HOPE Scholarship Status of Students in a Large General Education Course

ABSTRACT: We examined the extent to which socioeconomic status (SES), precollege academic variables, non-course collegiate measures, and in-course collegiate measures predicted receipt and/or…
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 22 REFERENCES

The widening academic achievement gap between the rich and the poor

As the income gap between high- and low-income families has widened, has the achievement gap between children in high- and low-income families also widened? The answer, in brief, is yes.

The Changing Role of Family Income and Ability in Determining Educational Achievement

We use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and 1997 cohorts to estimate the effects of ability and family income on educational attainment in the early 1980s and early 2000s. The effects…

Race, income, and enrollment patterns in highly selective colleges, 1982-2004

Executive Summary Where a student attends college has become increasingly important in the last few decades. As education has grown significantly more important in the labor market, competition among…

Lasting Consequences of the Summer Learning Gap

Prior research has demonstrated that summer learning rooted in family and community influences widens the achievement gap across social lines, while schooling offsets those family and community…

The Growing Importance of Cognitive Skills in Wage Determination

Using data from two longitudinal surveys of American high school seniors, we show that basic cognitive skills had a larger impact on wages for 24-year-old men and women in 1986 than in 1978. For…

Changes in Access to Higher Education in the United States: 1980-1992.

This article explores the factors that determine how high school graduates become linked to colleges at particular levels of selectivity. First, it assesses various theories of change in educational…

Whither Opportunity?: Rising Inequality, Schools, and Children's Life Chances

This pioneering volume casts a stark light on the ways rising inequality may now be compromising schools’ functioning, and with it the promise of equal opportunity in America.

Getting Beneath the Veil of Effective Schools: Evidence from New York City

In this paper, we collect data on the inner-workings of 39 charter schools and correlate these data with school effectiveness. We find that traditionally collected input measures—class size,…

Diverging destinies: How children are faring under the second demographic transition

It is argued that the trends associated with the second demographic transition are following two trajectories and leading to greater disparities in children’s resources and that the government can do more to close the gap between rich and poor children.

Income Inequality in the United States, 1913–1998

This paper presents new homogeneous series on top shares of income and wages from 1913 to 1998 in the United States using individual tax returns data. Top income and wages shares display a U-shaped…