The TRACE model of speech perception

@article{McClelland1986TheTM,
  title={The TRACE model of speech perception},
  author={James L. McClelland and Jeffrey L. Elman},
  journal={Cognitive Psychology},
  year={1986},
  volume={18},
  pages={1-86}
}
Abstract We describe a model called the TRACE model of speech perception. The model is based on the principles of interactive activation. Information processing takes place through the excitatory and inhibitory interactions of a large number of simple processing units, each working continuously to update its own activation on the basis of the activations of other units to which it is connected. The model is called the TRACE model because the network of units forms a dynamic processing structure… Expand
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Testing between the TRACE model and the fuzzy logical model of speech perception
  • D. Massaro
  • Medicine, Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • 1989
TLDR
The TRACE model of speech perception is contrasted with a fuzzy logical model of perception (FLMP) and it is shown that top-down influences from the word level influence sensitivity at the phoneme level, whereas the FLMP does not. Expand
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A model of these processes in speech perception, based on connectionist learning techniques, is presented and it is predicted that similar behavior will be found in the perception of nonsense words. Expand
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RAW: a real-speech model for human word recognition
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A new connectionist model for spoken-word recognition is described which differs on a number of points from other models, in that it takes real speech as input, is based on a new architecture for the representation of time, and can adapt its own weights. Expand
A Connectionist Model of Phonological Representation in Speech Perception
TLDR
A model of both abstraction and inference in speech perception, based on connectionist learning techniques is presented, and it is predicted that similar behavior will be found in the perception of nonsense words. Expand
Cognitive penetration of the mechanisms of perception: Compensation for coarticulation of lexically restored phonemes
An important question in language processing is whether higher-level processes are able to interact directly with lower-level processes, as assumed by interactive models such as the TRACE model of… Expand
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Speech, by its very nature, is a time-based phenomenon. Speech sounds are temporally distributed, with the presentation of one sound roughly conditioned by the fading of the previous one. In this… Expand
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Two versions of a “cohort”-based model of the process of spoken word-recognition are described, showing how it evolves from a partially interactive model, where access is strictly autonomous but selection is subject to top-down control, to a fully bottom-up model where context plays no role in the processes of form-based access and selection. Expand
Bridging the gap between human and automatic speech recognition
TLDR
The theme of this issue is Bridging the Gap, where the word gap has two interpretations: while HSR focuses on the fundamental understanding of human speech processing, ASR aims at the automatic decoding of the speech signal using statistical models so as to minimise word error rates. Expand
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