The Smeared Null Energy Condition
@article{Freivogel2018TheSN, title={The Smeared Null Energy Condition}, author={Ben Freivogel and Dimitrios Krommydas}, journal={Journal of High Energy Physics}, year={2018}, volume={2018}, pages={1-29} }
A bstractWe propose a new bound on a weighted average of the null energy along a finite portion of a null geodesic: the Smeared Null Energy Condition (SNEC). We believe our bound is valid on scales small compared to the radius of curvature in any quantum field theory that is consistently coupled to gravity. If correct, our bound implies that regions of negative energy density are never strongly gravitating, and that isolated regions of negative energy are forbidden.
10 Citations
The double smeared null energy condition
- Physics
- 2021
Abstract The null energy condition (NEC), an important assumption of the Penrose singularity theorem, is violated by quantum fields. The natural generalization of the NEC in quantum field theory, the…
Upper and lower bounds on the integrated null energy in gravity
- GeologyJournal of High Energy Physics
- 2019
A bstractWe prove a lower bound on the integrated null energy along achronal geodesic segments using induced gravity on a brane in AdS/CFT. The bound follows from the assumption that bulk causality…
The Return of the Singularities: Applications of the Smeared Null Energy Condition
- Mathematics
- 2020
The classic singularity theorems of General Relativity rely on energy conditions that can be violated in semiclassical gravity. Here, we provide motivation for an energy condition obeyed by…
A singularity theorem for evaporating black holes
- Physics
- 2021
The classical singularity theorems of General Relativity rely on energy conditions that are easily violated by quantum fields. Here, we provide motivation for an energy condition obeyed in…
Semi-local Bounds on Null Energy in QFT
- PhysicsSciPost Physics
- 2022
We investigate whether the null energy, averaged over some region of spacetime, is bounded below in QFT. First, we use light-sheet quantization to prove a version of the ``Smeared Null Energy…
Conformal rigidity from focusing
- MathematicsClassical and Quantum Gravity
- 2021
The null curvature condition (NCC) is the requirement that the Ricci curvature of a Lorentzian manifold be nonnegative along null directions, which ensures the focusing of null geodesic congruences.…
Classification of quantum states based on the null energy condition
- PhysicsModern Physics Letters A
- 2021
Violation of the null energy condition plays an important role both in the general theory of relativity and quantum field theory in curved spacetimes. Over the years, it has been shown that the…
Nothing is certain in string compactifications
- Physics, Mathematics
- 2020
A bubble of nothing is a spacetime instability where a compact dimension collapses. After nucleation, it expands at the speed of light, leaving "nothing" behind. We argue that the topological and…
A semiclassical singularity theorem
- PhysicsClassical and Quantum Gravity
- 2022
Quantum fields do not satisfy the pointwise energy conditions that are assumed in the original singularity theorems of Penrose and Hawking. Accordingly, semiclassical quantum gravity lies outside…
Energy conditions in general relativity and quantum field theory
- Physics
- 2020
This review summarizes the current status of the energy conditions in general relativity and quantum field theory. We provide a historical review and a summary of technical results and applications,…
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 58 REFERENCES
Achronal averaged null energy condition
- Physics
- 2007
The averaged null energy condition (ANEC) requires that the integral over a complete null geodesic of the stress-energy tensor projected onto the geodesic tangent vector is never negative. This…
Holographic proof of the averaged null energy condition
- Physics
- 2014
The averaged null energy conditions (ANEC) states that, along a complete null curve, the negative energy fluctuations of a quantum field must be balanced by positive energy fluctuations. We use the…
Averaged null energy condition and quantum inequalities in curved spacetime
- Physics
- 2015
The Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) states that the integral along a complete null geodesic of the projection of the stress-energy tensor onto the tangent vector to the geodesic cannot be…
Derivation of the null energy condition
- Physics
- 2015
We derive the null energy condition, understood as a constraint on the Einstein-frame Ricci tensor, from world sheet string theory. For a closed bosonic string propagating in a curved geometry, the…
Averaged null energy condition from causality
- Physics
- 2016
A bstractUnitary, Lorentz-invariant quantum field theories in flat spacetime obey mi-crocausality: commutators vanish at spacelike separation. For interacting theories in more than two dimensions, we…
General proof of the averaged null energy condition for a massless scalar field in two-dimensional curved spacetime.
- Physics, MathematicsPhysical review. D, Particles and fields
- 1991
The proof shows that the ANEC is a direct consequence of the general positivity condition which must hold for the two-point function of any state, and extends to establish the AN EC for the null geodesic generators of the horizon (provided that there exists a stationary Hadamard state of the field).
Singularity theorems from weakened energy conditions
- Mathematics, Physics
- 2011
We establish analogues of the Hawking and Penrose singularity theorems based on (a) averaged energy conditions with exponential damping; (b) conditions on local stress–energy averages inspired by the…
Null energy conditions in quantum field theory
- Physics
- 2003
For the quantized, massless, minimally coupled real scalar field in four-dimensional Minkowski space, we show (by an explicit construction) that weighted averages of the null-contracted stress-energy…
Two Roads to the Null Energy Condition
- Physics
- 2015
The null energy condition has sweeping consequences in general relativity. I argue here that it has been misunderstood as a property exclusively of matter, when in fact it arises only in a theory of…
Wormholes supported by phantom-like modified Chaplygin gas
- Physics
- 2008
We have examined the possible construction of a stationary, spherically symmetric and spatially inhomogeneous wormhole spacetime supported by the phantom energy. The latter is supposed to be…