The Mystery of the Mozart Effect: Failure to Replicate

@article{Steele1999TheMO,
  title={The Mystery of the Mozart Effect: Failure to Replicate},
  author={Kenneth M Steele and Karen Bass and Melissa D. Crook},
  journal={Psychological Science},
  year={1999},
  volume={10},
  pages={366 - 369}
}
The Mozart effect is the purported increase in spatial-reasoning performance immediately after exposure to a Mozart piano sonata. Several laboratories have been unable to confirm the existence of the effect despite two positive reports from the original laboratory. The authors of the original studies have provided a list of key procedural components to produce the effect. This experiment attempted to produce a Mozart effect by following those procedural instructions and replicating the… 
View on SAGE
www1.appstate.edu
201 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
3
Background Citations
46
Methods Citations
8
Results Citations
14

Figures and Tables from this paper

201 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Making Sense of the Mozart Effect: Correcting the Problems Created by Null Hypothesis Significance Testing
by Ryan M. Sweeny Rauscher, Shaw, and Ky (1993) found that exposure to a Mozart sonata enhanced performance on visuo-spatial tasks. This finding, subsequently labeled the ‘Mozart effect’, resulted in…
Route-Learning and the Mozart Effect
The ‘Mozart effect’ refers to an increase in spatial reasoning performance following exposure to music composed by Mozart. Empirical tests of the effect have resulted in an inconsistent pattern of…
Failure to Confirm the Rauscher and Shaw Description of Recovery of the Mozart Effect
TLDR
This experiment attempted to confirm an unpublished study in which a verbal distractor was inserted between the pretest and listening condition, and the manipulation produced the recovery of a Mozart effect.
The Mozart Effect : Neurological Miracle , Artefact or Suggestive Influence
TLDR
A synthesis of the scientific data on the Mozart effect is developed, in a new attempt to explain what lies beyond this controversial concept.
Do Rats Show a Mozart Effect
The “Mozart effect” is an increase in spatial reasoning scores after listening to a Mozart piano sonata. Both the production and interpretation of the effect are controversial. Many studies have…
Mozart effect–Shmozart effect: A meta-analysis
Is Listening to Mozart the Only Way to Enhance Spatial Reasoning?
TLDR
It was showed that participants' expectations did not enhance performance on a spatial reasoning task, and enhanced spatial reasoning occurred following a variety of conditions, not just after listening to Mozart.
No Evidence for the Mozart Effect in Children
The Mozart Effect refers to claims that listening to Mozart-like music results in a small, short-lived improvement in spatiotemporal performance. Based on predominantly adult research that has shown…
The Analysis of the Mozart Effect on Visual Search
Over twenty-five years ago, researchers began to study the effects of music on the brain and cognition. The Mozart Effect is a term that was first coined by Dr. Alfred Tomatis in 1991 in his book…
Predictability Improve Spatial-Temporal Reasoning ? Reexamining the Mozart Effect
In 1993, it was found that Mozart’s music temporarily enhanced performance on spatialtemporal reasoning tasks. This effect later became termed the Mozart Effect. Since then, the mechanisms of the…
...
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 36 REFERENCES
Reexamination of the Effect of Mozart's Music on Spatial-Task Performance
Abstract The spatial reasoning of 22 college undergraduates who had listened to a presentation of Mozart's music was examined under carefully controlled experimental conditions. Each participant…
Key Components of the Mozart Effect
TLDR
A neurophysiological context for the enhancement of spatial-temporal reasoning following exposure to Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major is provided and theoretical and experimental factors, including the choice of dependent measures, the presentation order of the conditions, and the selection of the musical composition are considered.
An Experimental Test of “The Mozart Effect”: Does Listening to His Music Improve Spatial Ability?
This experiment was designed as a test of the 1993 findings of Rauscher, Shaw, and Ky who reported a positive effect of listening to classical music on spatial reasoning. Present results do not…
Listening to Mozart Does Not Enhance Backwards Digit Span Performance
TLDR
Exposure to brief periods of music by Mozart produced a temporary increase in performance on tasks taken from the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale-TV and there was a significant effect of practice on a backwards digit span task.
Listening to Mozart enhances spatial-temporal reasoning: towards a neurophysiological basis
Listening to Mozart May Not Enhance Performance on the Revised Minnesota Paper Form Board Test
TLDR
The present study was designed to replicate results of a 1993 study that found that listening to a Mozart sonata temporarily enhanced performance on the spatial reasoning task from the Stanford-Binet scale using the Revised Minnesota Paper Form Board Test.
Music and spatial IQ
Effect of Music on Spatial Performance: A Test of Generality
TLDR
16 subjects showed reliable improvement on a paper-folding-and-cutting task after listening to Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D major, as employed by others, and the enhanced performance was also noted for 16 other subjects after listens to a contemporary selection having similar musical characteristics.
Relative effectiveness and validity of mood induction procedures : a meta-analysis
The effectiveness and validity of 11 important mood induction procedures (MIPs) were comparatively evaluated by meta-analytical procedures. Two hundred and fifty effects of the experimental induction…
Mood State-Dependent Retrieval: The Effects of Induced Mood on Memory Reconsidered
  • P. Kenealy
  • Psychology
    The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology
  • 1997
Analysis of studies investigating mood-state-dependent retrieval identifies methodological problems that may have contributed to the controversy surrounding the reliability of the effect—in…
...
...