The Hierarchical Model of Approach-Avoidance Motivation
@article{Elliot2006TheHM, title={The Hierarchical Model of Approach-Avoidance Motivation}, author={Andrew J. Elliot}, journal={Motivation and Emotion}, year={2006}, volume={30}, pages={111-116} }
Approach motivation is the energization of behavior by, or the direction of behavior toward, positive stimuli (objects, events, possibilities), whereas avoidance motivation is the energization of behavior by, or the direction of behavior away from, negative stimuli (objects, events, possibilities). In this article, I provide a brief overview of this distinction between approach and avoidance motivation. In addition, I provide a brief overview of a model of motivation in which this approach…
900 Citations
Functions and Hierarchical Combinations of Approach and Avoidance Motivation
- PsychologyPsychological Inquiry
- 2019
Approach motivation and avoidance motivation are basic fundamental forms of energization and direction; both are crucial for describing and explaining affect, cognition, and behavior. Scholer,…
Avoidance Motivation and Conservation of Energy
- Psychology
- 2013
Compared to approach motivation, avoidance motivation evokes vigilance, attention to detail, systematic information processing, and the recruitment of cognitive resources. From a conservation of…
The Influence of Humor on Approach and Avoidance Motivation
- Psychology
- 2008
Approach and avoidance motivation have been used to study many phenomena, but no research has yet investigated the influence of humor on approach and avoidance motivation. The feelings associated…
Satisfaction pursuing approach and avoidance goals: Effects of regulatory fit and individual temperaments
- Psychology, Business
- 2013
Going beyond previous studies on satisfaction in pursuing approach versus avoidance goals, the current study is the first to examine individual satisfaction in pursuing approach and avoidance goals…
The Role Of Culture In Concepts Underlying Approach And Avoidance Motivation In Multiple Domains
- Psychology
- 2014
OF THE THESIS The Role of Culture in Concepts Underlying Approach and Avoidance Motivation in Multiple Domains by Hoaxiong Li Master of Arts in Psychology San Diego State University, 2014 Approach…
Dispositional anger and the resolution of the approach-avoidance conflict.
- PsychologyEmotion
- 2016
The discussion focuses on the utility of the approach-avoidance conflict test and on questions of motivational direction in anger, where greater approach frequencies in the test predicted greater anger reactivity to daily provocations and frustrations.
Goal Orientations and Activation of Approach Versus Avoidance Motivation While Awaiting an Achievement Situation in the Laboratory
- PsychologyFront. Psychol.
- 2018
Investigation of students’ tendencies for approach or avoidance motivation while anticipating tasks and the corresponding activation of the approach/avoidance motivational system as indicated by transient changes of EEG alpha asymmetry finds results that question present assumptions about avoidance related goal orientations.
Approach and Avoidance as Organizing Structures for Motivated Distance Perception
- Psychology, Business
- 2016
Emerging demonstrations of the malleability of distance perception in affective situations require an organizing structure. These effects can be predicted by approach and avoidance orientation.…
Should We Approach Approach and Avoid Avoidance? An Inquiry from Different Levels
- PsychologyPsychological Inquiry
- 2019
Abstract Approach motivation (striving for desired end-states, eagerly focusing on where one wants to be) is often held up as the best type of motivation: It feels good and is associated with many…
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 63 REFERENCES
Approach and Avoidance Motivation
- Business
- 2001
In this article, we introduce this special issue by establishing a conceptual foundation for the distinction between approach and avoidance motivation. We do so primarily by explicating several…
Approach-avoidance motivation in personality: approach and avoidance temperaments and goals.
- PsychologyJournal of personality and social psychology
- 2002
The hypothesis that approach and avoidance temperaments represent the foundation of several basic dimensions espoused in the trait adjective, affective disposition, and motivational system approaches to personality is examined.
Approach and avoidance motivation and achievement goals
- Psychology
- 1999
Achievement goal researchers and theorists have relied primarily on the distinction between performance goals and mastery goals in differentiating competence-based strivings. In this article, an…
A HIERARCHICAL MODEL OF APPROACH AND AVOIDANCE ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION
- Psychology
- 1997
A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation was proposed and tested in a college classroom. Mastery, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals were assessed and…
Approach and Avoidance Motivation in the Social Domain
- PsychologyPersonality & social psychology bulletin
- 2006
This research put Gable’s hierarchical model of approach-avoidance social motivation to empirical test using newly developed measures of friendship-approach and avoidance goals to provide support for the full hierarchical model in longitudinal analyses of subjective well-being and physical symptomotology.
Approach and avoidance achievement goals and intrinsic motivation: A mediational analysis.
- Psychology
- 1996
nMost contemporary achievement goal conceptualizations consist of a performance goal versus mastery goal dichotomy. The present research offers an alternative framework by partitioning the…
Beyond pleasure and pain.
- PsychologyThe American psychologist
- 1997
Regulatory focus is distinguished from regulatory anticipation and regulatory reference, 2 other principles underlying the different ways that people approach pleasure and avoid pain.
Achievement Goals and the Hierarchical Model of Achievement Motivation
- Psychology, Education
- 2001
The achievement goal approach has attained prominence in the achievement motivation literature and has produced a valuable empirical yield. However, the precise nature of the achievement goal…
The social-cognitive model of achievement motivation and the 2 x 2 achievement goal framework.
- PsychologyJournal of personality and social psychology
- 2006
Two studies examined hypotheses drawn from a proposed modification of the social-cognitive model of achievement motivation that centered on the 2 x 2 achievement goal framework and found perceived competence was shown to be a direct predictor of achievement goals, not a moderator of relations implicit theory or achievement goal effects.
The emotion probe. Studies of motivation and attention.
- Psychology, BiologyThe American psychologist
- 1995
Using a large emotional picture library, reliable affective psychophysiologies are shown, defined by the judged valence (appetitive/pleasant or aversive/unpleasant) and arousal of picture percepts.