The G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralogon groups, and fingerprints.
@article{Fredriksson2003TheGR, title={The G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralogon groups, and fingerprints.}, author={Robert Fredriksson and Malin Charlotta Lagerstr{\"o}m and Lars-G. Lundin and Helgi Birgir Schi{\"o}th}, journal={Molecular pharmacology}, year={2003}, volume={63 6}, pages={ 1256-72 } }
The superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is very diverse in structure and function and its members are among the most pursued targets for drug development. We identified more than 800 human GPCR sequences and simultaneously analyzed 342 unique functional nonolfactory human GPCR sequences with phylogenetic analyses. Our results show, with high bootstrap support, five main families, named glutamate, rhodopsin, adhesion, frizzled/taste2, and secretin, forming the GRAFS classification…
2,646 Citations
The Repertoire of G-Protein–Coupled Receptors in Fully Sequenced Genomes
- BiologyMolecular Pharmacology
- 2005
The results show that the main families in the human genome, Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Frizzled, and Secretin, arose before the split of nematodes from the chordate lineage.
The GRAFS classification system of G-protein coupled receptors in comparative perspective.
- BiologyGeneral and comparative endocrinology
- 2005
Sequence, Structure and Ligand Binding Evolution of Rhodopsin-Like G Protein-Coupled Receptors: A Crystal Structure-Based Phylogenetic Analysis
- BiologyPloS one
- 2015
Analyzing different structural subdomains, it is found that small molecule binding receptors most likely have evolved from peptide receptor precursors, with a rhodopsin/S1PR1 ancestor, most likely an ancestral opsin, forming the link between both classes.
Sequence and expression of four coral G protein-coupled receptors distinct from all classifiable members of the rhodopsin family.
- BiologyGene
- 2007
Superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors ( GPCRs ) – extraordinary and outstanding success of evolution
- Biology
- 2014
These results support, with high bootstrap values, the existence of five main families, named by the authors glutamate, rhodopsin, adhesion, frizzle/taste2, and secretin, forming the GRAFS classification system.
The Membrane Proteome : Evolution, Characteristics and Classification
- Biology
- 2012
This study provides the first evidence of the presence of four of the five main GRAFS families in Fungi and clarifies the early evolutionary history of the GPCR superfamily.
Sequence and expression of four coral G protein-coupled receptors distinct from all classifiable members of the rhodopsin famil
- Biology
- 2007
Cl cloning and characterization of four novel rhodopsin-like GPCR cDNAs from the staghorn coral Acropora millepora that share significant similarity with each other but not with the majority of other members of the rhodopinα subfamily are reported.
Comparative genomic analysis and evolution of family-B G protein-coupled receptors from six model insect species.
- BiologyGene
- 2013
G Protein‐coupled Receptors in the Human Genome
- Biology
- 2006
The main structural characteristic of GPCRs is seven stretches of about 25–35 consecutive amino acid residues that show a relatively high degree of hydrophobicity and represent -helixes that span the plasma membrane in an anti-clockwise manner.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 44 REFERENCES
Fingerprinting G-protein-coupled receptors.
- BiologyProtein engineering
- 1994
Preliminary phylogenetic analyses show the olfactory and various other partial matches clustering away from the main body of true hits, which is consistent with previous observations that the pheromone, cAMP and secretin-like receptors belong to separate families.
Family-B G-protein-coupled receptors
- BiologyGenome Biology
- 2001
The structures and functions of family-B GPCRs are described and a simplified nomenclature for these proteins are proposed and it is suggested that these proteins have a common evolutionary origin for all of them.
Insect G protein-coupled receptors and signal transduction.
- BiologyArchives of insect biochemistry and physiology
- 2001
The study of the evolutionary aspects of G protein-coupled receptors and of their signaling pathways will probably reveal insect-specific features and more insight into these features may result in novel methods and practical applications.
Novel human G protein‐coupled receptors with long N‐terminals containing GPS domains and Ser/Thr‐rich regions
- BiologyFEBS letters
- 2002
Two large families of chemoreceptor genes in the nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae reveal extensive gene duplication, diversification, movement, and intron loss.
- BiologyGenome research
- 1998
Phylogenetic analyses of the str and stl families, and comparisons with a few orthologs in Caenorhabditis briggsae, reveal ongoing processes of gene duplication, diversification, and movement.
Identification of G protein‐coupled receptor genes from the human genome sequence
- BiologyFEBS letters
- 2002
Crystal structure of rhodopsin: a G-protein-coupled receptor.
- Biology, ChemistryChembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology
- 2002
Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) respond to a variety of different external stimuli and activate G proteins. GPCRs share many structural…
Seven-transmembrane proteins as odorant and chemosensory receptors.
- BiologyScience
- 1999
Genetic manipulation experiments in mice imply that vertebrate odorant receptors may fulfill a dual role, also serving as address molecules that guide axons of olfactory sensory neurons to their precise target in the brain.
The human olfactory receptor repertoire
- Biology, PsychologyGenome Biology
- 2001
The identification and cloning of all functional human odorant receptor genes is an important initial step in understanding receptor-ligand specificity and combinatorial encoding of odorant stimuli in human olfaction.