The Fluid Mosaic Model of the Structure of Cell Membranes
@article{Singer1972TheFM, title={The Fluid Mosaic Model of the Structure of Cell Membranes}, author={S. Singer and G. L. Nicolson}, journal={Science}, year={1972}, volume={175}, pages={720 - 731} }
A fluid mosaic model is presented for the gross organization and structure of the proteins and lipids of biological membranes. The model is consistent with the restrictions imposed by thermodynamics. In this model, the proteins that are integral to the membrane are a heterogeneous set of globular molecules, each arranged in an amphipathic structure, that is, with the ionic and highly polar groups protruding from the membrane into the aqueous phase, and the nonpolar groups largely buried in the… CONTINUE READING
Paper Mentions
5,339 Citations
A FLUID LIPID‐GLOBULAR PROTEIN MOSAIC MODEL OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE *
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- 1972
- 85
Membrane fluidity and cellular functions.
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Advances in experimental medicine and biology
- 1975
- 406
Lipid domains in model membranes: a brief historical perspective.
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Essays in biochemistry
- 2015
- 31
Fluidity of cell membranes--current concepts and trends.
- Biology, Medicine
- International review of cytology
- 1979
- 246
HETEROGENEITY IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE LIPIDS OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- 1983
- 9
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDIES OF THE STRUCTURE OF MODEL MEMBRANE SYSTEMS: THE EFFECT OF SURFACE CURVATURE *
- Materials Science, Medicine
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- 1973
- 46
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 77 REFERENCES
Biological membrane structure, I. The protein crystal model for membranes.
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- 1970
- 88
- PDF
On the orientation of lipids in chloroplast and cell membranes
- Biology, Medicine
- Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society
- 1966
- 196
Calorimetric evidence for the liquid-crystalline state of lipids in a biomembrane.
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- 1969
- 322
- PDF
Protein conformations in cellular membranes.
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- 1966
- 191
- PDF
Selective Solubilization of a Protein Component of the Red Cell Membrane
- Biology, Medicine
- Science
- 1968
- 363
Structure of Membranes: Reaction of Red Blood Cell Membranes with Phospholipase C
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Science
- 1968
- 134
Characterization of the plasma membrane of Mycoplasma laidlawii. VII. Phase transitions of membrane lipids.
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Biochimica et biophysica acta
- 1970
- 149
Membrane structure: spin labeling and freeze etching of Mycoplasma laidawii.
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- 1970
- 87
- PDF
On the interactions of lipids and proteins in the red blood cell membrane.
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- 1970
- 101
- PDF
Some factors in the interpretation of protein denaturation.
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Advances in protein chemistry
- 1959
- 4,012