The Development and Maintenance of Mental Toughness in the World’s Best Performers

@article{Connaughton2010TheDA,
  title={The Development and Maintenance of Mental Toughness in the World’s Best Performers},
  author={Declan Connaughton and Sheldon Hanton and Graham R. Jones},
  journal={Sport Psychologist},
  year={2010},
  volume={24},
  pages={168-193}
}
Eleven superelite participants (7 performers, 2 coaches and 2 sport psychologists) were interviewed regarding the development and maintenance of mental toughness. Findings revealed that this process occurred over four distinct career phases: three developmental phases, and one maintenance phase. Factors influencing development and maintenance included: skill mastery, competitiveness, successes, international competitive experience, education and advice, the use of psychological skills, access… 
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