The Composition and Morphology of Amphiboles from the Rainy Creek Complex, Near Libby, Montana

@article{Meeker2003TheCA,
  title={The Composition and Morphology of Amphiboles from the Rainy Creek Complex, Near Libby, Montana},
  author={Gregory P. Meeker and Amy M. Bern and Isabelle K. Brownfield and Heather A Lowers and Stephen J. Sutley and Todd M. Hoefen and J. Sam Vance},
  journal={American Mineralogist},
  year={2003},
  volume={88},
  pages={1955 - 1969}
}
Abstract Thirty samples of amphibole-rich rock from the largest mined vermiculite deposit in the world in the Rainy Creek alkaline-ultramafic complex near Libby, Montana, were collected and analyzed. The amphibole-rich rock is the suspected cause of an abnormally high number of asbestos-related diseases reported in the residents of Libby, and in former mine and mill workers. The amphibole-rich samples were analyzed to determine composition and morphology of both fibrous and non-fibrous… Expand
View via Publisher
webpages.uidaho.edu
200 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
18
Background Citations
82
Methods Citations
21
Results Citations
2

200 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Characterization of historical amphibole samples from the former vermiculite mine near Libby, Montana, U.S.A
To determine if the composition or morphology of amphiboles occurring in the Rainy Creek vermiculite deposit near Libby, Montana, has changed as the deposit has been mined over the last 70 years, we… Expand
Examination of Libby, Montana, Fill Material for Background Levels of Amphibole from the Rainy Creek Complex Using Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microanalysis
Natural background levels of Libby-type amphibole in the sediment of the Libby valley in Montana have not, up to this point, been determined. The purpose of this report is to provide the preliminary… Expand
The dispersion of fibrous amphiboles by glacial processes in the area surrounding Libby, Montana, USA
Mining operations began at a world-class vermiculite deposit at Vermiculite Mountain near Libby, Montana, circa 1920 and ended in 1990. Fibrous and asbestiform amphiboles intergrown with vermiculite… Expand
Amphibole forensics: Using the composition of amphiboles to determine their source, the Libby, Montana, example
As part of a larger on-going research project, we found amphiboles in soils in Libby, Montana, that were derived from both the former vermiculite mine near Libby and other sources. SEM-EDS spectra of… Expand
Synthesis and characterization of amphiboles along the tremolite–glaucophane join
Abstract Actinolite and glaucophane are the principal amphiboles in greenschist- and blueschist-facies metamafic rocks, respectively, and constitute an important mineral pair for deducing the… Expand
A Review of Scientific Literature Examining the Mining History, Geology, Mineralogy, and Amphibole Asbestos Health Effects of the Rainy Creek Igneous Complex, Libby, Montana, USA
TLDR
The past 90 yr of scientific research directed on multiple aspects of the unique geology and environmental health issues surrounding the vermiculite deposit found at Libby, MT, shows that the majority of the amphibole mineral species present may not be any of the frog species currently regulated by government agencies. Expand
Libby Amphibole Contamination in Tree Bark Surrounding Historical Vermiculite Processing Facilities
Over a 70-year period, a mine near Libby, MT supplied nearly 80% of the world’s vermiculite. Raw vermiculite, which was contaminated with naturally occurring amphibole in veins throughout the… Expand
Amphibole—a key indicator mineral for petrogenesis of the Purulia carbonatite, West Bengal, India
The Purulia carbonatite of West Bengal, India is a dyke occurring within the 100 km long South Purulia Shear Zone (SPSZ), which marks the boundary between the Singhbhum Group of Rocks and the… Expand
Metamorphic Amphiboles: Composition and Coexistence
Amphiboles have long been key players in metamorphic petrology. The concept of facies was developed for rocks of basaltic composition (Eskola 1920, 1939; Fyfe et al. 1958), and within this concept,… Expand
Asbestiform tremolite within the Holocene late pyroclastic deposits of Colli Albani volcano (Latium, Italy): occurrence and crystal chemistry
This work relates the occurrence and the characterization of fibrous tremolite within the latest pyroclastic deposits of the Colli Albani (Alban Hills) volcano, to the south-east of Rome (Italy).… Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 44 REFERENCES
VERMICULITE, HYDROBIOTITE, AND BIOTITE IN THE RAINY CREEK IGNEOUS COMPLEX NEAR LIBBY, MONTANA
Vermiculite and hydrobiotite both occur as alteration products of biotite pyroxenite near Libby, Montana. Hydrothermal and weathering studies and new chemical analyses by C. O. lngamells suggest that… Expand
The Rainy Creek Alkaline-Ultramafic Igneous Complex near Libby, Montana. I: Ultramafic Rocks and Fenite
The Rainy Creek complex represents a composite of successive intrusions of igneous rocks emplaced into the Precambrian Belt Series, probably in middle Cretaceous time. The succession began with the… Expand
Amphibole asbestos from Libby, Montana: Aspects of nomenclature
Abstract Richterite-asbestos and winchite-asbestos are not listed in the federal regulations governing asbestos. However, asbestiform winchite is found in the gangue at the Libby, Montana,… Expand
Characteristics of asbestiform and non-asbestiform calcic amphiboles
Abstract In terms of morphology there are four major types of calcic amphibole; massive, prismatic, finely acicular and asbestos. Representatives of each of these types have been examined by optical… Expand
Nomenclature of amphiboles; report of the subcommittee on amphiboles of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names
The International Mineralogical Association's approved amphibole nomenclature has been revised to simplify it, make it more consistent with divisions generally at 50%, define prefixes and modifiers… Expand
Microstructures and fiber-formation mechanisms of crocidolite asbestos
Asbestiform riebeckite (crocidolite) from the Marra Mamba Iron Formation (Hamersley Basin, Western Australia) was investigated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM).… Expand
Mineralogy of amphiboles and 1:1 layer silicates
This article reviews briefly the ways in which mineralogists and crystal chemist represent complex silicate structures: the basic nomenclature for amphiboles, and the 1:1 layer silicates; the… Expand
Anthophyllite asbestos: microstructures, intergrown sheet silicates, and mechanisms of fiber formation
The complex microstructures of an anthophyllite asbestos specimen from Pelham, Massachusetts, have been elucidated by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction techniques. The… Expand
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF FE3+, TI, AND OH IN KAERSUTITE FROM ALKALIC IGNEOUS ROCKS AND MAFIC MANTLE XENOLITHS
s with Program, 22, 4254. Canil, D.D., Virgo, D., and Scarfe, C.M. (1990) Oxidation state of mantle xenoliths from British Columbia, Canada. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrofogy, 104, 453-462.… Expand
Nomenclature of Amphiboles
The introduction of a fifth amphibole group, the Na-Ca-Mg-Fe-Mn-Li group, defined by 0.50 < B(Mg, Fe2+, Mn2+, Li) < 1.50 and 0.50 < = B(Ca, Na) < = 1.50 apfu (atoms per formula unit), with members… Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...