The Barefoot Debate: Can Minimalist Shoes Reduce Running-Related Injuries?

@article{Rixe2012TheBD,
  title={The Barefoot Debate: Can Minimalist Shoes Reduce Running-Related Injuries?},
  author={Jeffrey A Rixe and Robert A. Gallo and Matthew L. Silvis},
  journal={Current Sports Medicine Reports},
  year={2012},
  volume={11},
  pages={160–165}
}
Abstract Running has evolved throughout history from a necessary form of locomotion to an athletic and recreational pursuit. During this transition, our barefoot ancestors developed footwear. By the late 1970s, running popularity surged, and footwear manufacturers developed the running shoe. Despite new shoe technology and expert advice, runners still face high injury rates, which have yet to decline. Recently, “minimalist” running, marked by a soft forefoot strike and shorter, quicker strides… 
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88 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
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Background Citations
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Methods Citations
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88 Citations

Orthopaedic Perspective on Barefoot and Minimalist Running
TLDR
A lack of cushion and support promotes a forefoot or midfoot strike rather than a rearfoot strike, decreasing the impact transient and stress on the hip and knee.
The Effect Of Minimalistic Running On Running-Related Injuries In Habitually Shod Individuals: A Review
TLDR
Research indicates barefoot and minimalist footwear have effects on running form, peak impact force, and a number of common running injuries, and subsequently, these footwear styles may increase the risk of certain injuries.
Barefoot Versus Shoe Running: From the Past to the Present
  • Y. Kaplan
  • Medicine
    The Physician and sportsmedicine
  • 2014
TLDR
Although there is no evidence that confirms or refutes improved performance and reduced injuries in barefoot runners, it seems that barefoot running may be an acceptable training method for athletes and coaches, as it may minimize the risks of injury.
Barefoot Running: Between Fashion and Real Way to Prevent Joint Osteo Lesions?
TLDR
Great flexibility can be achieved by decreasing the flexion angle of the knee, which decreases the demand for quadriceps muscles and the risk of knee injury with a greater risk of injury at the tibial level.
The Biomechanical Differences Between Barefoot and Shod Distance Running: A Systematic Review and Preliminary Meta-Analysis
TLDR
Modified results indicate moderate evidence that barefoot running is associated with reduced peak ground reaction force (GRF), increased foot and ankle plantarflexion and increased knee flexion at ground contact compared with running in a neutral shoe, and clear guidance for clinical practice is limited because of the low methodological quality of the associated studies.
Gait Retraining with Foot Strike Patterns as Management for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Brief Review
TLDR
Because of the increased load at the ankle during forefoot striking, future research should address whether changing foot strike patterns negatively affects ankle function.
Running with a minimalist shoe increases plantar pressure in the forefoot region of healthy female runners.
Conceptualizing minimalist footwear: an objective definition
TLDR
The aim of this review article is to provide a structural definition for minimalist footwear based on studies that have examined the influence of footwear on biomechanical variables during running.
Effect of Minimalist Footwear on Running Efficiency
TLDR
When compared with running in traditional, cushioned shoes, both barefoot (socked) running and minimalist running shoes produce greater running efficiency in some experienced runners, with a greater tendency toward a midfoot or forefoot strike and a shorter ground contact time.
Logical fallacies in the running shoe debate: let the evidence guide prescription
TLDR
There remains a lack of conclusive evidence to support traditional shoe prescription to prevent RRIs, and the more recent paradigms of maximalism, zero-drop shoes and choosing a shoe based on comfort appear to be gaining in popularity.
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