# Terabit-Scale Orbital Angular Momentum Mode Division Multiplexing in Fibers

@article{Bozinovic2013TerabitScaleOA,
title={Terabit-Scale Orbital Angular Momentum Mode Division Multiplexing in Fibers},
author={Nenad Bozinovic and Yang Yue and Yongxiong Ren and Moshe Tur and Poul Kristensen and Hao Huang and Alan E. Willner and Siddharth Ramachandran},
journal={Science},
year={2013},
volume={340},
pages={1545 - 1548}
}
A Twist on the Capacity Crunch The rate at which data can be transmitted down optic fibers is approaching a limit because of nonlinear optical effects. Multiplexing allows data to be encoded in different modes of light such as polarization, wavelength, amplitude, and phase and to be sent down the fibers in parallel. Optical angular momentum (OAM) can provide another degree of freedom whereby the photons are given a well-defined twist or helicity. Bozinovic et al. (p. 1545) were able to transmit…
1,784 Citations

## Topics from this paper

Carrying Data on the Orbital Angular Momentum of Light
• Computer Science
IEEE Communications Magazine
• 2018
The short length and high capacity requirements for data center and fronthaul links make them well suited for exploitation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light in spatial multiplexing.
Massive individual orbital angular momentum channels for multiplexing enabled by Dammann gratings
Data transmission rates in optical communication systems are approaching the limits of conventional multiplexing methods. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) in optical vortex beams offers a new degree of
Integrated all-optical wavelength and polarization conversion of orbital angular momentum carrying modes.
• Physics, Medicine
Applied optics
• 2018
A novel versatile-designed integrated optical device with Ycut ridge lithium niobate photonic wire configuration that acts as a wavelength or polarization converter for data modulated on OAM and its compatible operation in commercial wireless and fiber-based polarization-multiplexed WDM communication systems is proposed.
Enhanced spin orbit interaction of light in highly confining optical fibers for mode division multiplexing
• Medicine, Physics
Nature Communications
• 2019
An interaction between the spin and orbital angular momenta of light which enables propagation of 24 states in a single optical fiber with low cross-talk, even in the presence of fiber perturbation is described.
Novel fiber-optic geometries for fast quantum communication
• Physics, Engineering
Photonics West - Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
• 2013
Recent experiments have generated great interest in combined wavlength (WDM) and spatial (SDM) divison multiplexing using optical angular momentum (OAM) at data rates orders of magnitude better than
Optical communications beyond orbital angular momentum
Current optical communication technologies are predicted to face a bandwidth capacity limit in the near future. The nature of the limitation is fundamental rather than technological and is set by
Design and modeling of optical fibers for spatial division multiplexing using the orbital angular momentum of light
The always increasing need for digital data bandwidth pushes the development of emerging technologies to increase network capacity, especially for optical fiber infrastructures. Among those
Photonic lantern broadband orbital angular momentum mode multiplexer.
Through novel design of an optical fiber device referred to as a photonic lantern, for the first time it is demonstrated the simultaneous generation and multiplexing of OAM modes with low loss and over the broadest spectral range to date (550 nm).
Optimal conditions for multiplexing information into ring-core optical fibers
• Physics, Engineering
• 2021
In optical communications, space-division multiplexing is a promising strategy to augment the fiber network capacity. It relies on modern fiber designs that support the propagation of multiple
Exclusive generation of orbital angular momentum modes in parity-time symmetry fiber gratings
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in fibers process great potentials in providing, from a higher dimension, extra communication channels to meet the ever-growing bandwidth requirement for modern

## References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 25 REFERENCES
Excitation of Orbital Angular Momentum Resonances in Helically Twisted Photonic Crystal Fiber
It is shown that adding chirality to the cladding surrounding the core may provide another route to manipulating the transmission of light, and an effect that appears in continuously twisted photonic crystal fiber is reported.
Filling the Light Pipe
At this year's Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC 2010), several groups reported results within a factor of ∼2 of the ultimate capacity limits of existing optical fiber technology.
Capacity Trends and Limits of Optical Communication Networks
• Engineering, Computer Science
Proceedings of the IEEE
• 2012
The history of traffic and capacity growth and extrapolations for the future, and fibers supporting multiple spatial modes, including multimode and multicore fibers, and the role of digital processing techniques are recounted.
Transfer of orbital angular momentum from a stressed fiber-optic waveguide to a light beam.
• Physics, Medicine
Applied optics
• 1998
A stressed fiber-optic waveguide is used to impart orbital angular momentum to a Hermite-Gaussian laser mode that has an annular intensity profile and a well-defined azimuthal phase dependence and the phase structure of the beam is confirmed by observing the interference pattern produced between it and a plane wave.
Mode-Division Multiplexing Over 96 km of Few-Mode Fiber Using Coherent 6 $\,\times\,$6 MIMO Processing
We report simultaneous transmission of six spatial and polarization modes, each carrying 40 Gb/s quadrature-phase-shift-keyed channels over 96 km of a low-differential group delay few-mode fiber. The
Demonstration of free space coherent optical communication using integrated silicon photonic orbital angular momentum devices.
• T. Su, +4 authors S. Yoo
• Physics, Medicine
Optics express
• 2012
Silicon photonic integrated circuits for free-space spatial-division-multiplexing (SDM) optical transmission with multiplexed orbital angular momentum (OAM) states over a topological charge range of -2 to +2.
Terabit free-space data transmission employing orbital angular momentum multiplexing
Researchers demonstrate the ability to multiplex and transfer data between twisted beams of light with different amounts of orbital angular momentum — a development that provides new opportunities
Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) based Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) over a Km-length Fiber
Abstract (40-Word Limit): We demonstrate the first MDM scheme using OAM states over 1.1 km of fiber enabled by a SLM-based mux/de-mux scheme and a specialty fiber. Subsystem was used to successfully
Control of orbital angular momentum of light with optical fibers.
• Physics, Medicine
Optics letters
• 2012
A new (to the authors' knowledge) method to determine the modal content of the fiber is proposed and high purity of the desired vortex state is demonstrated (97% after 20 m, even after bends and twists).
Generation and propagation of radially polarized beams in optical fibers.
• Physics, Medicine
Optics letters
• 2009
This work demonstrates a class of optical fibers in which these beams can be generated and propagated over long lengths with unprecedented stability, even in the presence of strong bend perturbations, opening the door to exploiting nonlinear fiber optics to manipulate such beams.