• DOI:10.2174/1874282300802010217
• Corpus ID: 14890013

Target atmospheric CO2: Where should humanity aim?

@article{Hansen2008TargetAC,
  title={Target atmospheric CO2: Where should humanity aim?},
  author={Jennifer C. R. Hansen and M. Sato and Pushker A. Kharecha and David J. Beerling and Robert. A. Berner and Val{\'e}rie Masson‐Delmotte and Massimo Pagani and M. E. Raymo and Dana L. Royer and J. C. Zachos Nasa Giss and Columbia Univ. Earth Institute and University of Sheffield and Yale Univ. and Lsceipsl and Boston Univ. and Wesleyan Univ. and Univ. California Santa Cruz},
  journal={The Open Atmospheric Science Journal},
  year={2008},
  volume={2},
  pages={217-231}
}

• J. Hansen, M. Sato, +14 authors Univ. California Santa Cruz
• Published 7 April 2008
• Environmental Science
• The Open Atmospheric Science Journal

Paleoclimate data show that climate sensitivity is ~3 deg-C for doubled CO2, including only fast feedback processes. Equilibrium sensitivity, including slower surface albedo feedbacks, is ~6 deg-C for doubled CO2 for the range of climate states between glacial conditions and ice-free Antarctica. Decreasing CO2 was the main cause of a cooling trend that began 50 million years ago, large scale glaciation occurring when CO2 fell to 450 +/- 100 ppm, a level that will be exceeded within decades, barring prompt policy changes. If humanity wishes to preserve a planet similar to that on which civilization developed and to which life on Earth is adapted, paleoclimate evidence and ongoing climate change suggest that CO2 will need to be reduced from its current 385 ppm to at most 350 ppm. The largest uncertainty in the target arises from possible changes of non-CO2 forcings. An initial 350 ppm CO2 target may be achievable by phasing out coal use except where CO2 is captured and adopting agricultural and forestry practices that sequester carbon. If the present overshoot of this target CO2 is not brief, there is a possibility of seeding irreversible catastrophic effects.