Tamil

@article{Keane2004Tamil,
  title={Tamil},
  author={Elinor Keane},
  journal={Journal of the International Phonetic Association},
  year={2004},
  volume={34},
  pages={111 - 116}
}
  • E. Keane
  • Published 1 January 2004
  • Journal of the International Phonetic Association
Tamil is a Dravidian language spoken by 53 million speakers in India, according to census figures from 1991, predominantly in the state of Tamil Nadu. There are also sizeable communities of Tamil speakers elsewhere, including Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Singapore, in all of which it has the status of a national language. Tamil is diglossic, the formal or ‘literary’ variety still largely conforming to standards set in the thirteenth century by the Tamil grammarian Pavanandi. It is used in almost all… 
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Con consonantal production in SgE is found to be largely independent of substrate influence and relatively uniform across the three ethnicities, which sheds light on bilinguals’ acquisition of sounds, and provides phonological evidence toward the understanding of the evolutionary process of postcolonial Englishes.
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References

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