THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM: A RECONSIDERATION*
@article{Lange2011THEBO, title={THE BATTLE OF ACTIUM: A RECONSIDERATION*}, author={Carsten Hjort Lange}, journal={The Classical Quarterly}, year={2011}, volume={61}, pages={608 - 623} }
Ancient writers present, with one exception, a consistent account of how Antonius came to lose the battle of Actium on 2 September 31 B.C. In these versions, while the battle was still raging, Cleopatra and her squadron took flight, and Antonius chose to join them. His abandoned fleet fought on bravely but succumbed by the end of the day, and Antonius’ army of nineteen legions surrendered to Octavian a few days later. However, until Cleopatra’s withdrawal, Antonius had been fighting for victory…
8 Citations
Triumph and civil war in the late Republic
- HistoryPapers of the British School at Rome
- 2013
Many of the wars of the Late Republican period were largely civil conflicts, and there was thus a tension between the traditional expectation that triumphs should be celebrated for victories over…
The naval battle of Actium and the myth of the ship-holder: the effect of bathymetry
- History
- 2019
A myth of antiquity is explained with modern science in the context of an ancient naval battle. A legend was invoked by the admiral Pliny the Elder to explain the defeat of Antony and Cleopatra…
The Pitfalls of Using Ancient Population, Army and Casualty Data without Expert Curation: A Review of Oka et al. 2017
- HistoryCliodynamics: The Journal of Quantitative History and Cultural Evolution
- 2019
The historical turn in the social sciences has been neglected by historians. This has caused social scientists to use much data which has not been curated by experts focused on the relevant time…
NUEVOS DATOS SOBRE LA CRONOLOGÍA DE LA DEDUCTIO DE AUGUSTA FIRMA ASTIGI Y SOBRE SUS COLONOS VETERANOS NEW DATA ON THE DEDUCTIO OF COLONIA AUGUSTA FIRMA ASTIGI AND THEIR VETERAN SETTLERS
- Art
- 2015
Resumen Damos a conocer una inscripcion hallada en el territorio de la colonia Augusta Firma Astigi (Ecija) y fechada en los primeros decenios del s. I d.C. que menciona a un tal Valerius Maxumus, de…
Alternativ teknologisk udvikling: et våbenkapløb fra Antikken
- Medicine
- 2014
This document breaches copyright and will be removed from access immediately and investigate the claim.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 15 REFERENCES
Lewis , ‘ Imperial autobiography , Augustus to Hadrian ’ , ANRW 2 nd series , 34 . 1 ( 1993 ) , 629 – 706 , at 683 ( ‘ low casualties , befitting a civil war ’ )
- The historicity of the law is unconvincingly denied by M . Beard , The Roman Triumph
2.85.4 (illis etiam detracto capite in longum fortissime pugnandi duravit constantia et desperata victoria in mortem dimicabatur)
On the soldiers of Antonius, see L. Keppie, Colonisation and Veteran Settlement in Italy
- 1983
12: ex victis duodecim milia cecidisse referuntur, sex milia vulnerata sunt, e quibus mille inter curandum defecerunt
- Oros. 6
at 180-1, and on page 179 he suggests that sinistrorsum meant back to port in everyday usage
- Poetry and Politics in the Age of Augustus
- 1984
Tarn's rival theory that Antonius was aiming for victory but undone by large-scale defections has rightly been generally rejected. Pelling concedes that Antonius may 71 Pelling
- 1988
On the use of fire, see also Hor
- Carm. 1
- 1988