Supraspinal, Not Spinal, &agr;2 Adrenoceptors Are Involved in the Anesthetic-Sparing and Hemodynamic-Stabilizing Effects of Systemic Clonidine in Rats

@article{Kita2000SupraspinalNS,
  title={Supraspinal, Not Spinal, \&agr;2 Adrenoceptors Are Involved in the Anesthetic-Sparing and Hemodynamic-Stabilizing Effects of Systemic Clonidine in Rats},
  author={Takashi Kita and Kiyokazu Kagawa and Tadanori Mammoto and Koji Takada and Y Hayashi and Takashi Mashimo and Y Kishi},
  journal={Anesthesia \& Analgesia},
  year={2000},
  volume={90},
  pages={722–726}
}
Clonidine, an &agr;2 agonist, reduces the anesthetic requirement and attenuates harmful hemodynamic responses to noxious stimuli. We examined the responsible sites of action in the central nervous system for the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) and MAC blocking adrenergic response (MAC-BAR) reducing effects of systemically administered clonidine in halothane-anesthetized rats. The MAC for halothane was determined by the tail clamp method, and MAC-BAR was defined as the MAC which… 
View on Wolters Kluwer
ir.library.osaka-u.ac.jp
12 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
1
Background Citations
3

12 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Spinal &agr;2-Adrenoceptors Are Involved in the MACbar-Sparing Effect of Systemic Clonidine In Rats
TLDR
The results argue for a spinal mechanism of action involved in the MACbar-sparing effect of systemic clonidine, and the spinally administered &agr;-antagonists displayed different effects in rats under sevoflurane anesthesia than those reported in awake animals.
Spinal alpha(2)-adrenoceptors are involved in the MACbar-sparing effect of systemic clonidine in rats.
TLDR
It is demonstrated that a spinal mechanism is involved in the MACbar-sparing effect of systemic clonidine in rats, and the spinally administered alpha-antagonists displayed different effects in rats under sevoflurane anesthesia than those reported in awake animals.
Clonidine in paediatric anaesthesia: : Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects
TLDR
There are no pharmacokinetic or haemodynamic aspects contraindicating further use of clonidine in paediatric anaesthesia, and it is concluded thatClonidine represents a useful pharmacological characteristics and should be well tolerated in otherwise healthy children.
Diabetes attenuates the minimum anaesthetic concentration (MAC) and MAC‐blocking adrenergic response reducing actions of clonidine in rats
TLDR
The effects of streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetes mellitus (DM) on these beneficial actions of clonidine in halothane‐anaesthetized rats are investigated.
Effects of dexmedetomidine, with or without vatinoxan (MK-467), on minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats.
Concentrations of medetomidine enantiomers and vatinoxan, an α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, in plasma and central nervous tissue after intravenous coadministration in dogs.
Cardiopulmonary, Sedative, and Drug Disposition Effects of Vatinoxan in Sheep Receiving Dexmedetomidine, Medetomidine, Ketamine and Atipamezole
TLDR
In conclusion, vatinoxan alleviated or prevented the unwanted cardiopulmonary effects of (dex-) medetomidine by blocking the peripheral α2-adrenoceptors.
Use of Intravenous Clonidine for Prolonging Spinal Anaesthesia
TLDR
The aim was to study onset of analgesia and duration of sensory and motor blockade after spinal anaesthesia, and using clonidine through intravenous route as it achieves peak plasma concentration more rapidly than oral or intrathecal routes.
Heterozygous α2A-adrenergic receptor mice unveil unique therapeutic benefits of partial agonists
TLDR
It is suggested that weak partial agonists can evoke response-selective pathways and might be exploited successfully to achieve α2A-AR pharmacotherapy where concomitant sedation is undesirable, i.e., in treatment of depression or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, in suppression of epileptogenesis, or enhancement of cognition.
The α 2 -Adrenergic Receptors
TLDR
The generation of mice harboring a mutant α2A-AR with diminished capacities, or null for each of the individual receptor subtype alleles, has yielded a wealth of information critical for the identification and elucidation of their in vivo roles, demonstrating the power of employing genetically modified mice to elucidate biological functions and reveal effective therapeutic targets.
...
1
2
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 27 REFERENCES
Involvement of supraspinal and spinal segmental alpha-2-adrenergic mechanisms in the medetomidine-induced antinociception
Anesthetic Potency (MAC) Is Independent of Forebrain Structures in the Rat
TLDR
These findings suggest that the anesthetic-induced unresponsiveness to noxious stimuli measured by MAC testing does not depend on cortical or forebrain structures in the rat.
Pharmacology of intrathecal adrenergic agonists: cardiovascular and nociceptive reflexes in halothane-anesthetized rats.
TLDR
A potent spinal alpha-2-receptor-mediated modulation of somatomotor and autonomic responses to pain is suggested in rats anesthetized with halothane and in which intrathecal catheters had been chronically implanted.
Anesthetic Potency Is Not Altered after Hypothermic Spinal Cord Transection in Rats
  • I. Rampil
  • Medicine, Biology
    Anesthesiology
  • 1994
TLDR
Somatic motor responsiveness and its sensitivity to isoflurane appeared to be unaltered despite acute loss of descending cortical and bulbar controls, which suggests that the site of anesthetic inhibition of motor response may be in the spinal cord.
Isoflurane and an α2-Adrenoceptor Agonist Suppress Nociceptive Neurotransmission in Neonatal Rat Spinal Cord
TLDR
The results suggest that isoflurane exerts marked inhibitory effects on spinal neurotransmission, depressing both substance P and glutamate-mediated pathways and contributing to general anesthesia.
Alpha 2-adrenoceptor modulation of nociception in rat spinal cord: location, effects and interactions with morphine.
Cardiovascular Responses to Noxious Stimuli During Isoflurane Anesthesia Are Minimally Affected by Anesthetic Action in the Brain
TLDR
It is concluded that isoflurane suppresses the arterial blood pressure response to noxious stimuli, but only with concomitant hypotension, and that the brain has little influence on this response, as its MAC-BAR substantially exceeded whole-body MAC- BAR.
Pharmacology of spinal adrenergic systems which modulate spinal nociceptive processing
  • T. Yaksh
  • Biology
    Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
  • 1985
Role of Pertussis Toxin-sensitive G-Proteins in the Analgesic and Anesthetic Actions of alpha sub 2 -Adrenergic Agonists in the Rat
TLDR
To address this question, the effects of pretreatment with PTX administered intracerebroventricularly, intrathecally, or a combination of the two were examined, and the anesthetic-sparing and analgesic effects of a systemically administered alpha2 agonist, dexmedetomidine, were examined.
Role of I1 imidazoline receptors in the sympathoinhibition produced by intracisternally administered rilmenidine and moxonidine.
TLDR
The results show that intracisternally administered guanabenz, rilmenidine and moxonidine cause sympathoin inhibition, and alpha 2-Adrenoceptors are responsible for the sympathoinhibition produced by guan abenz.
...
1
2
3
...