Supportless Pt and PtPd nanotubes as electrocatalysts for oxygen-reduction reactions.

@article{Chen2007SupportlessPA,
  title={Supportless Pt and PtPd nanotubes as electrocatalysts for oxygen-reduction reactions.},
  author={Zhongwei Chen and Mahesh Waje and Wenzheng Li and Yushan Yan},
  journal={Angewandte Chemie},
  year={2007},
  volume={46 22},
  pages={
          4060-3
        }
}
The durability problem is particularlysevere in the cathode,where the oxygen-reduction reaction(ORR) occurs. At present,the most widely used cathodecatalyst system is platinum in the form of small nanoparticles(2–5 nm) supported on amorphous carbon-particle aggregates(Pt/C). The poor durability of the Pt/C catalyst is reflected bya fast and significant loss of platinum electrochemical surfacearea (ECSA) over time during fuel cell operation. 
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