Stressor controllability and learned helplessness: The roles of the dorsal raphe nucleus, serotonin, and corticotropin-releasing factor

@article{Maier2005StressorCA,
  title={Stressor controllability and learned helplessness: The roles of the dorsal raphe nucleus, serotonin, and corticotropin-releasing factor},
  author={Steven F. Maier and Linda R. Watkins},
  journal={Neuroscience \& Biobehavioral Reviews},
  year={2005},
  volume={29},
  pages={829-841}
}
  • S. Maier, L. Watkins
  • Published 31 December 2005
  • Psychology, Biology
  • Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
View on Elsevier
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651 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
31
Background Citations
299
Methods Citations
16
Results Citations
17

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651 Citations

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Testing the hypothesis that the effects of uncontrollable stress are produced by desensitization of 5HT1A receptor-mediated autoinhibition of DRN serotonergic neuronal firing rates revealed that uncontrollable, but not controllable, tailshock impaired serotonin-mediated inhibition ofDRN neuronal firing.
Corticotropin-releasing factor in the dorsal raphe nucleus: Linking stress coping and addiction
Exercise, Learned Helplessness, and the Stress-Resistant Brain
TLDR
Using the behavioral consequences of uncontrollable stress or “learned helplessness” as an animal analog of depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in rats, factors that could be important for the antidepressant and anxiolytic properties of exercise are investigated.
Medial prefrontal cortical activation modulates the impact of controllable and uncontrollable stressor exposure on a social exploration test of anxiety in the rat
TLDR
The results are consistent with prior work and identify the vmPFC as a critical component of the neural circuitry mediating the effects of stressor control on later behaviors.
Corticotropin-releasing Factor in the Rat Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Promotes Different Forms of Behavioral Flexibility Depending on Social Stress History
TLDR
The results underscore the potential for stress history to shift cognitive processing through changes in CRF neurotransmission in the DRN and the association of this effect with coping strategy.
Uncontrollable, But Not Controllable, Stress Desensitizes 5-HT1A Receptors in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus
TLDR
Ex vivo single-unit recording in rats revealed that uncontrollable, but not controllable, tail shock impaired 5-HT1A receptor-mediated inhibition of DRN neuronal firing, and western blot analysis revealed that uncontrolled stress leads to desensitization rather than downregulation ofDRN 5- HT1A receptors.
The role of prior stressor controllability and the dorsal raphé nucleus in sucrose preference and social exploration
Stress-protective neural circuits: not all roads lead through the prefrontal cortex
TLDR
Evidence suggesting that plasticity within the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is critical to the expression of uncontrollable stressor-induced anxiety is reviewed, with evidence that the controllability of stress, the presence of safety signals, and a history of exercise mitigate the expression.
Behavioural and neural sequelae of stressor exposure are not modulated by controllability in females
TLDR
Stressor controllability phenomena are absent in females and that the protective prelimbic circuitry is present but not engaged, and reduced benefit from coping responses may represent a novel approach for understanding differential sex prevalence in stress‐related psychiatric disorders.
Overlapping neurobiology of learned helplessness and conditioned defeat: Implications for PTSD and mood disorders
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