• DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.46.4.929
• Corpus ID: 26118806

Stress, anxiety, and cognitive interference: reactions to tests.

@article{Sarason1984StressAA,
  title={Stress, anxiety, and cognitive interference: reactions to tests.},
  author={Irwin G. Sarason},
  journal={Journal of personality and social psychology},
  year={1984},
  volume={46 4},
  pages={
          929-38
        }
}

• I. Sarason
• Published 1984
• Psychology
• Journal of personality and social psychology

The nature of test anxiety and its relationships to performance and cognitive interference are analyzed from the standpoint of attentional processes. A new instrument to assess dimensions of reactions to tests is presented, and its psychometric properties are described. The scales of the Reactions to Tests questionnaire (Worry, Tension, Test-Irrelevant Thinking, Bodily Symptoms) were compared with regard to intellective performance and cognitive interference. The results were consistent with the idea that the problem of anxiety is, to a significant extent, a problem of intrusive thoughts that interfere with task-focused thinking. In the last of the three studies reported, it was shown that self- preoccupying intrusive thinking can be reduced by means of a task-focusing experimental condition. The studies suggest that the Reactions to Tests questionnaire may be useful in defining anxiety more sharply and improving understanding of how it relates to performance.